Effect of Mobile Phone Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields on Cardiovascular Parameters in Apparently Healthy Individuals
Emneord (Nøkkelord):
Cell phone radio waves, Blood pressure, ElectrocardiogrammeSammendrag
Summary: Since cell phones emit radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (EMFs), this study tested the hypothesis that cell phones placed near the heart may interfere with the electrical rhythm of the heart or affect the blood pressure. Following informed consent, eighteen randomly selected apparently healthy male volunteers aged 21.44 ± 0.53 years had their blood pressure, pulse rates and ECG measured before and after acute exposure to a cell phone. The ECG parameters obtained were: heart rate (HR), QRS complex duration (QRS), PR interval (PR) and Corrected QT interval (QTc). Results are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical analyses were done using two-tailed paired t test for blood pressure and pulse rate data and one way ANOVA with a post hoc Tukey test for the ECG data. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. The blood pressure and pulse rates before and after exposure to the cell phone showed no significant difference. The ECG parameters (HR: beats/min, QRS:ms, PR:ms and QTc respectively) did not differ before (66.33 ± 2.50, 91.78 ± 1.36, 151.67 ± 5.39 and 395.44 ± 4.96), during (66.33 ± 2.40, 91.11 ± 1.61, 153.67 ± 5.06 and 394.33 ± 4.05) and after calls (67.22 ± 2.77, 91.11 ± 1.67, 157.44 ± 4.46 and 396.56 ± 4.93) compared to baseline (67.17 ± 2.19, 94.33 ± 1.57, 150.56 ± 4.93 and 399.56 ± 3.88). These results suggest that acute exposure to EMFs from cell phones placed near the heart may not interfere with the electrical activity of the heart or blood pressure in healthy individuals.
Referanser
Adediran, O.S., Adebayo, P.B. and Akintunde, A.A. (2013). Anthropometric differences among natives of Abuja living in urban and rural communities: correlations with other cardiovascular risk factors. BMC Research Notes. 6:123-131.
Araoye, M.A. (2004). Basic Electrocardiography. Nathadex publishers, Ilorin, pp 5-18.
Barker, A.T., Jackson, P.R., Parry H., Coulton, L.A., Cook, G.G. and Wood, S.M. (2007). The effect of GSM and TETRA mobile handset signals blood pressure, catechol levels and heart rate variability. Bioelectromagnetics. 28:433-438.
Barutcu, I., Esen, A.M., Kaya, D., Turkmen, M., Karakaya, O., Saglam, M., Melek, M., Çelik, A.,
Kilit, C., Onrat, E. and Kirma, C. (2011). Do mobile phones pose a potential risk to autonomic modulation of the heart? Pacing Clin. Electrophysiol. 34:1511-1514.
Braune, S., Wrocklage, C., Raczek, J., Gailus, T., Lucking, C.H. (1998). Resting blood pressure increase during exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic field. Lancet. 351:1857–1858.
Cam, S.T. and Seyhan, N. (2012). Single-strand DNA
breaks in human hair root cells exposed to mobile phone radiation. Int. J. Radiat. Biol. 88:420-424.
Censi, F., Calcagnini, G., Triventi, M., Mattei, E. and Bartolini, P. (2007). Interference between mobile phones and pacemakers: a look inside. Ann. Ist. Super. Sanità 43:254-259.
Deatanyah, P., Amoako, J.K., Fletcher, J.J., Asiedu, G.O., Adjei, D.N., Dwapanyin, G.O. and Amoatey, E.A. (2012). Assessment of Radiofrequency Radiation within the Vicinity of Some GSM Base Stations in Ghana. Radiat. Prot. Dosimetry.151:218-223.
Hänninen, O., Kolmakow, S., Ekman, R. and Huttunen, P. (2013). Cardiovascular Responses to
Electromagnetic Radiation. J. Afr. Ass. Physiol. Sci. 1:17-22.
Ibitoye, Z.A. and Aweda, A.M. (2011). Assessment of Radiofrequency Power Density Distribution around GSM and Broadcast Antenna Masts in Lagos City, Nigeria. Nig. Q. J. Hosp. Med. 21:35-40.
Kligfield, P., Gettes, L.S., Bailey, J.J., Childers, R., Deal, B.J., Hancock, E.W., van Herpen, G., Kors, J. A., Macfarlane, P., Mirvis, D. M., Pahlm, O., Rautaharju, P. and Wagner, G. S. (2007). Recommendations for the Standardization and Interpretation of the Electrocardiogram Part I: The Electrocardiogram and Its Technology. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 49:1109–1127
Taura, M.G. Evaluation of Anthropometric Status of Hausas of Northern Nigeria. (2011). Bayero Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences. 4: 80–82.
Timmis, A. (2007). The Cardiovascular system. In: Swash, M. and Glynn, M. (eds.). Hutchison’s Clinical Methods, An Integrated Approach to Clinical Practice. Saunders Elsevier, Edingburgh, pp 70-116.
van Rongen, E., Croft, R., Juutilainen, J., Lagroye, I., Miyakoshi, J., Saunders, R., de Seze, R., Tenforde, T., Verschaeve, L., Veyret, B. and Xu, Z. (2009). Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields on the Human Nervous System. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health, B. Crit. Rev. 12:572-597.
Nedlastinger
Publisert
Utgave
Seksjon
Lisens
Dette verket er lisensiert under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
