Abstract
Background: Jobelyn (JB) ®
is a product derived from Sorghum bicolor. For several centuries, the people
of Southwestern part of Nigeria have used this plant in its raw form to treat and cure many diseases.
Previous studies have suggested JB efficacy in the treatment of pain, hence, the need for the exploration
of its probable mechanism of its action. This study was undertaken to evaluate the mechanism of action
through which JB exerts its anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities in rodents.
Materials and methods: The administration of naloxone, prazosin and atropine (1 mg/kg,
intraperitoneally) to groups of mice using acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing and formalin-induced
paw licking tests were done to investigate the anti-nociceptive mechanism of action of JB. Animals were
divided into six groups comprising of six mice in each experiment; two groups were orally administered
normal saline (1ml/200g b.w) and indomethacin (2 mg/kg) respectively, while the remaining four groups
were pre-treated intraperitoneally with the blockers followed by administration of JB (100 mg/kg).
Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and immunohistochemical analysis of rat paw tissues in
carrageenan-induced hind paw edema in rats was used to analyze the level of inflammation.
Results: Atropine significantly reversed the anti-nociceptive effects of Jobelyn®
(100mg/kg) when
compared with Jobelyn®
in acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing test. In the formalin-induced paw
licking test, the pre-treatment with the blockers showed no significance when compared with Jobelyn®
group. Jobelyn (10, 50, 100, and 200mg/kg) given orally, produced a significant inhibition of acute
inflammation induced by carrageenan in rat paws, from which 100 mg/kg JB shows higher activity. The
results from H&E staining and immuno-histochemical analysis showed that JB considerably reduced the
infiltration of inflammatory cells in the paw tissues.
Conclusions: Jobelyn® has both analgesic and anti-inflammatory property, and its analgesic effect may be
mediated through the cholinergic system.
Keywords: Cholinergic system; Opioidergic system; Jobelyn; Pain; Inflammation.
Résumé
Contexte : Jobelyn (JB) ® est un produit dérivé du Sorgho bicolore. Pendant plusieurs siècles, les habitants
du sud-ouest du Nigéria ont utilisé cette plante sous sa forme brute pour traiter et soigner de nombreuses
maladies. Des études antérieures ont suggéré l’efficacité de JB dans le traitement de la douleur, d’où la
nécessité d’explorer son mécanisme probable d’action. Cette étude visait à évaluer le mécanisme d’action
par lequel JB exerce ses activités anti-nociceptives et anti-inflammatoires chez les rongeurs.
Matériels et méthodes : L’administration de naloxone, de prazosine et d’atropine (1 mg / kg, par voie
intrapéritonéale) à des groupes de souris utilisant des tests d’aberration abdominale induite par l’acide
acétique et de léchage de la patte au formol a été réalisée afin d’étudier le mécanisme anti-nociceptif de
l’action de JB. Les animaux ont été divisés en six groupes comprenant six souris dans chaque expérience
; deux groupes ont reçu par voie orale une solution saline normale (1 ml / 200 g de poids) et de
l’indométacine (2mg/kg), tandis que les quatre groupes restants ont été prétraités par voie
intrapéritonéale avec les inhibiteurs, puis par l’administration de JB (100 mg / kg). La coloration à
l’hématoxyline et à l’éosine (H & E) et l’analyse immunohistochimique des tissus de la patte de rat dans
l’œdème de la patte postérieure induite par le carraghénane chez le rat ont été utilisés pour analyser le
niveau d’inflammation.
Résultats : L’atropine a significativement inversé les effets anti-nociceptifs de Jobelyn ®
(100 mg / kg) par
rapport au Jobelyn ® dans le test de résistance abdominale induit par l’acide acétique. Dans le test de
léchage de pattes induit par le formol, le prétraitement avec les inhibiteurs n’a montré aucune
signification par rapport au groupe Jobelyn ®
. Jobelyn (10, 50, 100 et 200 mg / kg) administré par voie
orale a provoqué une inhibition significative de l’inflammation aiguë induite par le carraghénane dans les
pattes de rat, à partir de laquelle 100 mg / kg de JB présentaient une activité supérieure. Les résultats de la
coloration H & E et de l’analyse immunohistochimique ont montré que le JB réduisait considérablement
l’infiltration de cellules inflammatoires dans les tissus de la patte.
Conclusions : Jobelyn ® possède à la fois des propriétés analgésiques et anti-inflammatoires et son effet
analgésique peut être véhiculé par le système cholinergique.
Mots-clés: Système cholinergique; Système opioïdergique ; Jobelyn ; Douleur ; Inflammation.
Correspondence: Dr. S.A. Onasanwo, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan,
Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail- samphil2002@yahoo.com; sa.onasanwo@gmail.ui.edu.ng
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