Abstract
Background: The study investigated the neuroprotective potentials of kolaviron ( a biflavonoid complex of Garcinia kola) against psycho-emotional stress induced oxidative brain injury in Wistar rats.
Methods: Twenty-four adult Wistar rats (180-220g) randomly divided into four groups (1-1V,n=6) were used for the study . Group 1 served as control (non stressed) , group 11 consisted of stressed rats induced by complete removal of the whiskers around the mouth and the nose without anaesthesia. The rats in group 111 were pre- treated with 200mg/kg kolaviron per oral (p.o) daily for seven days before being subjected to the stress procedure while group 1V rats also had 200mg/kg oral kolaviron alone without being stressed. The animals were later euthanized by cervical dislocation, cerebellum and frontal cortex removed and then subjected to biochemical and histopathological analysis.
Results: Whisker removal significantly(p<0.05) increased lipid peroxidation (U/mg protein) in the cerebellum (3.82±0.22 vs 6.50 ±0.41) and the cerebral cortex (14.57±2.50 vs 30.11± 4.70) compared with their controls, it also produced significant reductions in catalase activities (U/min/mg protein) in cerebellum (169.65±11.02 vs 87.72, p <0.001) and the cerebral cortex (264.5 ± 40.57 vs 122.71 ± 15.70,p< 0.001). Glutathione levels (U /mg protein) were similarly significantly (P<0.001) reduced in both cerebellum (132.40 ± 4.81 vs 37.60 ± 1.50) and the cerebral cortex (370.42 ±20.51 vs 120.51± 25.35) compared with their corresponding controls. There were also histological abnormalities like cellular degeneration and necrosis in both the frontal cortex and the cerebellum of the stressed rats. Pre- treatment with kolaviron not only reversed these biochemical alterations but also significantly attenuated these observed histopathological changes.
Conclusion: The present study demostrated the neuroprotective potential of kolaviron against psychoemotional stress-induced oxidative brain injury through the inhibition of oxidative stress.
Keywords: Neuroprotective potentials, Wistar rats, kolaviron, oxidative stress.
Résumé
Contexte: L'étude a enquêté sur les potentiels neuro-protecteurs de kolaviron (un complexe bi-flavonoïde de Garcinia kola) contre le stress psycho-émotionnel induit par l'oxydation des lésions cérébrales chez les rats Wistar.
Méthodes: Vingt-quatrerats Wistar adultes (180-220g) divisés aléatoirement en quatre groupes (I-IV, n = 6) ont été utilisés pour l'étude. Groupe I a servi de témoin (non stressé), le groupe IIconsistait de rats stressés induits par élimination complète des moustaches autour de la bouche et du nez sans anesthésie. Les rats du groupe III ont été prétraités avec 200mg / kg kolaviron par voie orale (p.o.) chaque jour pendant sept jours avant d'être soumis à la procédure de stress alors que les rats du groupe IV avaient aussi 200mg / kg par voie orale de kolaviron seul, sans être stressé. Les animaux ont plus tard été sacrifiéspar dislocation cervicale, le cervelet et le cortex frontal enlevé et ensuite soumis à une analyse biochimique et d'histopathologie.
Résultats: L'élimination des moustaches a significativement (p <0,05) augmentée la peroxydation lipidique (U / mg de protéine) dans le cervelet (3,82 ± 0,22 vs 6,50 ± 0,41) et le cortex cérébral (14,57 ± 2,50 vs 30,11 ± 4,70) par rapport à leurs témoins, celle-ci également produit des réductions significatives des activités catalase (U / min / mg de protéine) dans le cervelet (169,65 ± 11,02 vs 87,72, p <0,001) et le cortex cérébral (264,5 ± 40,57 vs 122,71 ± 15,70, p <0,001). Les niveaux de glutathion (U / mg de protéine) ont de la même manière significativement (P <0,001) été réduit à la fois dans le cervelet (132,40 ± 4,81 vs 37,60 ± 1,50) et le cortex cérébral (370,42 ± 20,51 vs 120,51 ± 25,35) par rapport à leurs témoins correspondants. Il y avait aussi des anomalies histologiques telles que la dégénérescence et la nécrose cellulaire à la fois dans le cortex frontal et le cervelet des rats stressées. Leprétraitement avec kolaviron a non seulement mis au revers ces altérations biochimiques, mais a aussi significativement atténué ces changements histo-pathologiques observées.
Conclusion: La présente étude a démontré le potentiel neuro-protecteur de kolaviron contre le stress psychoémotionnelinduit parles blessures oxydatives du cerveau à travers l'inhibition du stress oxydatif.
Mots-clés: Potentiels neuro-protecteurs, rats Wistar, kolaviron, stress oxydatif.
Correspondence: Dr. G.F.Ibironke, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Email:gibironke@yahoo.com
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