Abstrakti
Background: A variety of physiological changes occurring during pregnancy has been shown to affect the oral health. Saliva is critical for preserving and maintaining the health of oral tissues and has been used as a source of non-invasive investigation of different conditions in human and animal studies.
Aim: This study was designed to evaluate changes in secretion and composition of saliva in pregnant women in a Nigerian population.
Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study using purposive sampling technique. Saliva samples were collected from 50 pregnant and age matched 50 non-pregnant women. Salivary flow rate, pH, total protein and concentrations of sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphate and bicarbonate were determined and compared using paired independent sample t test.
Results: Salivary pH,mean concentrations of potassium and bicarbonate were significantly reduced while mean concentrations of salivary sodium and phosphate were significantly elevated in pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women (P< 0.05). However, there was no significant difference in the salivary flow rate, concentrations of total protein and calcium.
Conclusion: Salivary pH, bicarbonate and potassium concentrations were reduced while sodium and phosphate concentrations were elevated in pregnant women. These findings suggest that pregnant women may be predisposed to higher caries incidence.
Keywords: Pregnant women, non-pregnant women, salivary flow rate, salivary pH, total protein,
Résumé
Contexte: Une variété de changements physiologiques qui se produisent pendant la grossesse a été montrée pour affecter la santé bucco-dentaire. La salive est critique pour la conservation et le maintien de la santé des tissus buccaux et a été utilisé comme source d’investigation non invasive de conditions différentes dans les études humaines et animales.
Objectif: Cette étude a été conçue pour évaluer les changements dans la sécrétion et la composition de la salive chez les femmes enceintes dans une population nigériane.
Méthodes: Ceci était une étude descriptive à cross-section utilisant la technique de l’échantillonnage raisonné. Des échantillons de salive ont été prélevés sur 50 femmes enceintes et appariés par 50 femmes non enceintes du même âge. Taux d’écoulement salivaire, le pH, protéines totales et les concentrations de sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphate et bicarbonate ont été déterminés et comparés en utilisant le test t d’échantillon indépendant apparié.
Résultats: pH salivaire, les concentrations moyennes de potassium et de bicarbonate ont été considérablement réduits tandis que les concentrations moyennes de sodium et de phosphate salivaires étaient significativement plus élevés chez les femmes enceintes par rapport aux femmes non-enceintes (P <0,05). Cependant, il n’y avait pas de différence significative dans le taux de flux salivaire, les concentrations de la protéine totale et de calcium.
Conclusion: pH salivaire, bicarbonate de potassium et concentrations ont été réduites tandis que les concentrations de sodium et de phosphate ont été élevés chez les femmes enceintes. Ces résultats suggèrent que les femmes enceintes peuvent être plus prédisposés à l’incidence de la carie.
Mots-clés: femmes enceintes, femmes non enceintes, débit salivaire, pH salivaire, protéines totals
Correspondence: Dr. Taye J. Lasisi, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. Email: jameelahlasisi@yahoo.com
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