D-Ribose-L-Cysteine protects against sodium arsenite-induced hepato-nephrotoxicity in rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54548/njps.v39i1.7Abstract
D-Ribose-L-Cysteine (Riboceine)- an antioxidant supplement that may help to raise the glutathione levels by acting as a precursor for glutathione biosynthesis in biological systems. Effect of riboceine (Rb) on sodium arsenite (SA) induced hepatorenal toxicity was investigated in rats. Four groups (A-D) (six per group) were treated thus: Group A (water and normal diet only); while Group B (SA at 5 mg/kg body weight); Group C (riboceine at 10 mg/kg body weight) and Group D (riboceine and SA). The exposure to test substances lasted for a total of 14 days in each case in which pre-treatment was done with riboceine. Exposure to SA triggered a significant reduction in the entire weight and relative organ weight, increase in ALT (alanine aminotransferase), AST (aspartate aminotransferase), ALP (alkaline phosphatase) activities, decrease in liver total protein and increase in serum levels of urea and creatinine. Furthermore, SA caused a significant reduction in GSH (glutathione) level and CAT (Catalase) activity, while the LPO (lipid peroxidation) and NO (nitric oxide) levels were significantly increased. Pre-treatment with riboceine, restored the levels of the aforementioned parameters. Riboceine also promote restoration of hepatocytes and renal cells integrity. Findings from this study reaffirm the hepatorenal toxicities of sodium arsenite and show the protective role of riboceine against SA-induced toxicities. Protective effects of riboceine may be via the enhancement of the level of glutathione, a natural scavenger of free radicals.
References
Adam-Vizi V, Seregi A (1982). Receptor independent stimulatory effect of noradrenaline on Na, K-ATPase in rat brain homogenate. Role of lipid peroxidation. Biochem Pharmacol 31: 2231–236.
Adelakun SA, Omotoso OD, Aniah JA (2018). Modulating role of D-Ribose-L-Cysteine on oxidative stress in streptozotocin induced diabetes on plasma lipoprotein, oxidative status, spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis in male Wistar rats. Curr Res Diabetes Obes J 9:57-60.
Adil M, Kandhare AD, Visnagri A, et al. (2015). Naringin ameliorates sodium arsenite-induced renal and hepatic toxicity in rats: decisive role of KIM-1, Caspase-3, TGF-β, and TNF-α. Ren Fail 37:1396–407.
Adil M, Visnagriv A, Shiva K, et al. (2014). Protective effect of Naringin on sodium arsenite induced testicular toxicity via modulation of biochemical pertubations in experimental rats Pharmacologia 5:222-234.
Andrews GK (2000). Regulation of metallothionein gene expression by oxidative stress and metal ions. Biochem Pharmacol 1:59:95–104.
Anwar S, Khan NA, Amin KM, et al. (1999). Effects of Banadiq al buzoor in some renal disorders. J Intern Med 42:31–6.
Beutler E, Duran O, Kelly B.M. (1963). Improved method for the determination of blood glutathione. J Lab Clin Med 61:882–88
Beyersmann D, Hartwig A (2008). Carcinogenic metal compounds: recent insight into molecular and cellular mechanisms. Arch Toxicol 82:493–12.
Chandra K, Syed AS, Mohd A, et al. (2015). Protection against FCA induced oxidative stress induced DNA damage as a model of arthritis and in vitro anti-arthritic potential of Costus speciosus Rhizome Extract. Int J Pharmacogn Phytochem Res 7:383–89.
Claiborne A. (1985). Catalase activity. In: Greenwald RA, editor. Handbook of methods for oxygen radical research. Boca Raton (FL) 283–84.
Dalle-Donne I, Milzani A, Gagliano N, et al. (2008). Molecular mechanisms and potential clinical significance of S-glutathionylation. Antioxid Redox Signal 10:445–73.
De Vizcaya-Ruiz A, Barbier O, Ruiz-Ramos R, et al. (2009). Biomarkers of oxidative stress and damage in human populations exposed to arsenic. Mutat Res 31:85–92.
Falana B, Adeleke O, Orenolu M, et al. (2017). Effect of D-ribose-L-cysteine on aluminum induced testicular damage in male Sprague-Dawley rats. JBRA Assist Reprod 21:94–100.
Fawcett JK, Scott JE. (1960). A rapid and precise method for the determination of urea. J Clin Pathol 13:156–59.
Flora SJ (2011). Arsenic-induced oxidative stress and its reversibility. Free Radic Biol Med 51:257–81.
Gbadegesin MA, Odunola OA, Akinwumi KA, et al. (2009). Comparative hepatotoxicity and clastogenicity of sodium arsenite and three petroleum products in experimental Swiss Albino Mice: the modulatory effects of Aloe vera gel. Food Chem Toxicol 47:2454–457.
Green LC, Wagner DA, Glogowski J, et al. (1982). Analysis of nitrate, nitrite and (15N) nitrate in biological fluids. Anal Biochem 126:131–38.
Gupta R, Flora SJ (2005). Protective value of Aloe vera against some toxic effects of arsenic in rats. Phytother Res 19:23–8.
Habig WH, Pabst MJ, Jacoby WB (1974). Glutathione S-transferases: the first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. J Biol Chem 249:7130–139.
Halliwell B, Whiteman M (2004). Measuring reactive species and oxidative damage in vivo and in cell culture: how should you do it and what do the results mean? Br J Pharmacol 142:231–55.
Higgins C (2016). Urea and creatinine concentration, the urea: creatinine ratio www.acutecaretesting.org.
IARC (1987). Overall evaluations of carcinogenicity: an updating of IARC Monograph volumes 1 to 42. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum Suppl 7:1–440.
Jain NC (1986). Schalm’s Veterinary Hematology. 4th ed. Philadelphia, USA: Lea and Febiger.
Jana K, Jana S, Samanta P (2006). Effects of chronic exposure to sodium arsenite on hypothalamo-pituitary- testicular activities in adult rats: possible estrogenic mode of action. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 4:9
Janga YC, Somanna Y, Kim H (2016). Source, distribution, toxicity and remediation of arsenic in the environment – A review. Int J of Applied Env Sci 11:559–81.
Lubos E, Handy DE, Loscalzo J (2008). Role of oxidative stress and nitric oxide in atherothrombosis. Front Biosci 13:5323–344.
Masella R, Di Benedetto R, Varì R, et al (2005). Novel mechanisms of natural antioxidant compounds in biological systems: involvement of glutathione and glutathione-related enzymes. J Nutr Biochem 16:577–86.
Misra HP, Fridovich I (1972). The role of supeoxide anion in the autooxidation of epinephrine and a simple assay for superoxide dismutase. J Biol Chem 247:3170–175.
Nandi DR, Patra RC, Swarup D (2005). Effect of cysteine, methionine, ascorbic acid and thiamine on arsenic-induced oxidative stress and biochemical alterations in rats. Toxicology 211:26-35.
Ola-Davies OE, Akinrinde AS (2016). Acute sodium Arsenite-induced hematological and biochemical changes in wistar rats: protective effects of ethanol extract of Ageratum conyzoides. Phcog Res 8:26–30.
Pinto E, Sigaud-Kutner TC, Leitao MA, et al (2003). Heavy metal-induced oxidative stress in algae. J Phycol 39:1008–018.
Rec GS (1972). Determination of alkaline phosphatase. Z. Clin. Chem 10:281–91.
Reitman S, Frankel S (1957). A colorimetric method for the determination of serum glutamic oxalacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminases. Am J Clin Pathol 28:56–3.
Rotruck JT, Pope AL, Ganther HE, et al (1973). Selenium: biochemical role as a component of glutathione peroxidase. Science 179:588–90.
Roy S, Roy M, Pandey PK, et al (2009). Effects of tissue trace minerals status and histopathological changes in chronic arsenicosis in goats. Vet World 2:8–9.
Sharma A, Sharma MK, Kumar M (2009). Modulatory role of Emblica officinalis fruit extract against arsenic induced oxidative stress in Swiss albino mice. Chem Biol Interact 180:20–30.
Shi H, Shi X, Ke JL (2004). Oxidative mechanism of arsenic toxicity and carcinogenesis. Mol Cell Biochem 255:67–78.
Tchounwou PB, Centero JA, Patlolla AK (2004). Arsenic toxicity, mutagenesis and carninogenesis – a health risk assessment and management approach. Mol Cell Biochem 255:47–55.
Trush MA, Enger PA, Kensler TW (1994). Myeloperoxidase as a biomarker of skin irritation and inflammation. Food Chem Toxicol 34:143–47.
Xu J, Wise JT, Wang L, et al (2017). Dual roles of oxidative stress in metal carcinogenesis. J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol 36:345–76.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.