Immunohistochemical and morphological changes associated with hepatic damage in lead acetate-induced toxicity and mitigatory properties of naringin in cockerel chicks
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54548/njps.v38i2.13Keywords:
Lead acetate,, Naringin, Oxidative stress, immunohistochemistryAbstract
Lead (Pb) toxicity constitutes a major health hazard to both humans and animals especially in the developing countries. It is a ubiquitous environmental contaminant found in the air essentially because of unregulated mining and other industrial activities. Lead can be found naturally in the soil thus, contaminating crops for human and animal food, as well as run-off water and air pollution. Intensively and extensively reared domestic chickens are exposed to contamination via inhalation and ingestion of contaminated food materials. Naringin, a product from citrus plant has been described to possess excellent metal chelating ability. Naringin is rich in flavonoid with attendant antioxidant, anti-autophagy, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and cardio-nephroprotective properties. This study was conducted to investigate the hepatoprotective and modulation of oxidative stress in commercial cockerel chickens by Naringin. Thirty-six commercial cockerel chickens were randomly assigned into six groups A-F of six birds each viz: Group A served as control group while groups B, C, and D received Lead acetate at 300 ppm via drinking water continuously till the end of the experiment. In addition, groups C and D were treated with Naringin at 80 mg/kg and 160mg/kg, respectively, via oral gavage for 8 weeks. Groups E and F were administered naringin only at 80mg/kg and 160mg/kg respectively for eight weeks. Pb toxicity induced degenerative changes in the histological sections as well as, higher expression of hepatic caspase 3 as shown by immunohistochemistry. There was increased oxidative stress markers (H2O2, MDA) and depletion of the antioxidant defense system markers SOD, GPx, GSH, and GST. It concluded that Co- treatment with Naringin ameliorated oxidative stress, enhanced antioxidant defense system, reduced the expression of hepatic caspase 3 thus, offering protection against lead acetate-induced derangements in the liver of commercial cockerel chickens
References
Ahmad, A., Dempsey, S.K., Daneva, Z., Azam, M., Li, N., Li, P. and Ritter. J.K. (2018). Role of Nitric Oxide in the Cardiovascular and Renal Systems. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 19:2605
Ajarem, J.S., Hegazy, A.K, Allam, G.A., Allam, A.A, Maodaa, S.N. and Mahmoud A.M. (2021). Effect of Visnagin on Altered Steroidogenesis and Spermatogenesis, and Testicular Injury Induced by the Heavy Metal Lead. Comb. Chem. High Throughput Screen. 24(6):758-766
Amini, N., Sarkaki, A., Mahin, D., Seyyed, A. M., Akram A. and Mohammad B. (2019). Protective effects of naringin and trimetazidine on remote effect of acute renal injury on oxidative stress and myocardial injury through Nrf-2 regulation. Pharmacol. Rep. 71(6):1059-1066.
Ashrafizadeh, M., Rafiei, H. and Ahmadi, Z. (2018). Histological Changes in the Liver and Biochemical Parameters of Chickens Treated with Lead Acetate II. Iran J. Toxicol. 12: 6.
Babalola, O.O. and Areola J.O. (2010). Interactive roles of terpenoid extract from the leaves of neem plant (Azadirachta indica, A. Juss) on lead induced toxicity in pregnant rabbits. J. Med. Plants Res. 4 (12):1102-1107.
Baranowska, M., Koziara, Z., Suliborska, K., Chrzanowski, W., Wormstone, M., Namieśnik, J., and Bartoszek, A. (2021). Interactions between polyphenolic antioxidants quercetin and naringenin dictate the distinctive redox-related chemical and biological behavior of their mixtures. Sci Rep. 11(1): 12282.
Beutler, E., Duron, O. and Kelly, MB (1963) Improved method for determination of blood glutathione reduced. J Lab Clin Med. 61: 882- 888.
Brentnall, M., Rodriguez-Menocal, L., De Guevara, R. L., Cepero, and Boise, L. H. (2013). Caspase-9, caspase-3 and caspase-7 have distinct roles during intrinsic apoptosis. BMC Cell Biol. 14, 32.
Broseghini-Filho, G.B., Almenara, C.C., Vassallo, D.V. and Padilha A.S. (2016). Blood Pressure Decreases Following Lead Treatment Cessation: Highest NO Bioavailability Involved. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 170(2): 410-414.
Cavia-Saiz, M., Busto, D.M., Maria, C.P., Natividad, O., Perez-Mateos, M. and Pilar, M. (2010). Antioxidant properties, radical scavenging activity and biomolecule protection capacity of flavonoid naringenin and its glycoside naringin: a comparative study. J. Sci. Food Agric. 90: 1238–1244.
Chi, Q., Liu, T., Sun, Z., Tan, S., Li, S. and Li, S. (2017). Involvement of mitochondrial pathway in environmental metal pollutant lead-induced apoptosis of chicken liver: perspectives from oxidative stress and energy metabolism. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res.. 2017 24 (36):28121-31.
De Francisco, N., Ruiz, T. J. D. and Agüera, E. I. (2003). Lead and lead toxicity in domestic and free-living birds. Avian Pathology, 32 (1): 3-13.
Deng, M., Jia, X., Dong, L., Liu, L., Huang, F., Chi, J., Ma, Q., Zhao, D., Zhang, M. and Zhang, R. (2021). Structural elucidation of flavonoids from Shatianyu (Citrus grandis L. Osbeck) pulp and screening of key antioxidant components. Food Chem. 366:130605.
Descalzo, E., Camarero, P.R, Sánchez-Barbudo, I.S., Martinez-Haro, M., Ortiz-Santaliestra, M.E., Moreno-Opo, R. and Mateo, R. (2021). Integrating active and passive monitoring to assess sublethal effects and mortality from lead poisoning in birds of prey. Sci. Total. Environ. 750:142260.
Drury, R.A., (1976). Wallington E.A. Carlton's Histopathological Techniques. 4th ed. Oxford University Press, London, pp 139-142
Ellman, G. L. (1959). Tissue sulfhydryl groups. Arch Biochem Biophys. 82(1):70
Eskandari, E. and Eaves, C. J. (2022). Paradoxical roles of caspase-3 in regulating cell survival, proliferation, and tumorigenesis. J. Cell Biol. 221 (6): e202201159.
Fakunle, P.B., Ajibade, A.J., Oyewo, E.B. and Adeyemi, O.H. (2013). A study of some effects of aqueous extract of neem (Azadiractha indica) leaves on the lead acetate induced neurotoxicity in the superior colliculus of adult wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). Br. J. Pharm. Res. 3(2): 217-231.
Gadde, R. and Betharia, S. (2021). N,N'bis-(2-mercaptoethyl) isophthalamide (NBMI) exerts neuroprotection against lead-induced toxicity in U-87 MG cells. Arch. Toxicol. 95(8): 2643-2657.
Gagan, F., Deepesh, G. and Archana, T. (2012). Toxicity of lead: A review with recent updates. Interdiscip Toxicol. 5(2):47–58.
Ganesh, C.J. and Reddy, T.K. (2011). Alleviation of iron induced oxidative stress by the grapefruit flavanone naringin in vitro. Chemico-Biological Interactions. 190: 121–128.
Golechha, M., Chaudhry, U., Bhatia, J., Daman, S. and Singh D. (2011). Naringin Protects against Kainic Acid-Induced Status Epilepticus in Rats: Evidence for an Antioxidant, Anti-inflammatory and Neuroprotective Intervention. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 34(3) 360—365.
Goliomytis, M., Kartsonas, N., Charismiadou, M.A., Symeon, P.E. and Deligeorgis, S.G. (2015). The Influence of Naringin or Hesperidin Dietary Supplementation on Broiler Meat Quality and Oxidative Stability. PloS one. 10: e0141652.
González, F., Camacho, M., Tiburón, N.P., Peña, M.Z., Rueda, L.R. and Luzardo, O.P. (2019). Suitability of anodic stripping voltammetry for routine analysis of venous blood from raptors. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 38(4):737-747.
Gornal, A.G., Bardawill J.C. and David M.M. (1949). Determination of serum proteins by means of Biuret reaction. J. Biol. Chem. 177: 751–766.
Habig, W.H., Pabst, M.J. and Jakpoby, W.B. (1974) Glutathione transferase, a first enzymatic step in mercapturic acid formation. J. Biol. Chem. 249, 7130–7139.
Hager-Theodorides, A.L., Massouras, T., Simitzis, P.E., Moschou, K., Zoidis, E., Sfakianaki, E., Politi, K., Charismiadou, M., Goliomytis, M. and Deligeorgis, S. (2021). Hesperidin and Naringin Improve Broiler Meat Fatty Acid Profile and Modulate the Expression of Genes Involved in Fatty Acid β-oxidation and Antioxidant Defense in a Dose Dependent Manner. Foods. 10, 739.
Haleagrahara, N., Jackie, T., Chakravarthi, S., Rao, M. and Kulur, A. (2010). Protective effect of Etlingera elatior (torch ginger) extract on lead acetate-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. The Journal of toxicological sciences. 35(5): 663- 71.
Herring, G., Eagles-Smith, C.A. and Varland, D.E. (2018). Mercury and lead exposure in avian scavengers from the Pacific Northwest suggest risks to California condors: Implications for reintroduction and recovery. Environ Pollut. 243:610-619.
Hossain, M.A., Mostofa, M., Alam, M.N., Sultana, M.R., and Rahman, M.M. (2014). The ameliorating effects of garlic (allium sativum) against lead (pb) intoxication on body weight, dressing percentages, feed consumption and feed conversion ratio in lead induced broiler chickens. Bangl. J. Vet. Med.12 (1): 1-7.
Khan, A.A., Alsahli, A.M., and Rahmani, A.H. 2018. Myeloperoxidase as an Active Disease Biomarker: Recent Biochemical and Pathological Perspectives. Med. Sci. 6:33
Kucukler, S., Benzer, F., Yildirim, S., Gur, C., Kandemir, F.M., Bengu, A.S., Ayna, A., Caglayan, C. and Dortbudak, M.B. (2021). Protective Effects of Chrysin Against Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Lead Acetate in Rat Kidneys: A Biochemical and Histopathological Approach. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 199:1501-1514.
Kulasekaran, G., Dharmalingam, P. and Ganapasam, S. (2011). Neuroprotective effect of naringin, a dietary flavonoid against 3-Nitropropionic acid induced neuronal apoptosis. Neurochem. Inter. 59, 1066–1073.
Long, X., Sun, F., Wang, Z., Liu, T., Gong, J., Kan, X., Zou, Y. and Zhao, X. (2021) Lactobacillus fermentum CQPC08 protects rats from lead-induced oxidative damage by regulating the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE pathway. Food Funct. 12(13):6029-6044
Matović, V., Aleksandra, B., Ðukić-Ćosić, D., Zorica, B. (2015). Insight into the oxidative stress induced by lead and/or cadmium in blood, liver and kidneys. Food and Chemical Toxicology. 78:130-40.
Monclús, L., Shore, R.F. and Krone, O. (2020). Lead contamination in raptors in Europe: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sci. Total Environ. 748:141437.
Moussa, S.A. and Bashandy, S.A. (2008). Biophysical and Biochemical changes in the blood of rats exposed to lead toxicity. Romanian J. Biophys. 18: 123–133.
Munazza, S. and Muhammad, S.A. (2018). Neem (Azadirachta indica) And Its Potential for Safeguarding Health, Prevention and Treatment of Diseases. Matrix Sci. Med. 2(1):04-08.
Nasiruddin, R. M., Karim, N., Changlek, S., Atiar, R. M., Tangpong, J., Hajjar, D., Alelwani, W., Makki, A.A. (2020). Thunbergia laurifolia leaf extract partially recovers lead-induced renotoxicity through modulating the cell signaling pathways. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 27(12):3700-3710.
Omobowale, T.O, Oyagbemi, A.A, Akinleye, S.A, Ola-Davies, O.E, Saba, A. B., Olopade, J.O. and Adedapo, A.A. (2016). Effect of Exposure and Withdrawal on Lead-induced Toxicity and Oxidative Stress in Cardiac Tissues of Rats. Toxicol. Intern. 23(1): 12-17
Omobowale, T.O., Oyagbemi, A.A., Akinrinde, A.S., Saba, A.B., Daramola O.T., Ogunpolu B.S., Olopade J.O. (2014). Failure of recovery from lead induced hepatoxicity and disruption of erythrocyte antioxidant defence system in Wistar rats. Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 37:1202–1211.
Oyagbemi, A.A, Omobowale, T.O., Awoyomi, O.V., Ajibade, T.O., Falayi, O.O., Ogunpolu B.S., Okotie, U.J., Asenuga, E.R., Adejumobi, O.A., Hassan, F.O., Ola-Davies, O.E., Saba, A.B., Adedapo, A.A. and Yakubu, M.A. (2019). Cobalt chloride toxicity elicited hypertension and cardiac complication via induction of oxidative stress and upregulation of COX-2/Bax signaling pathway. Hum. Exp. Toxicol. 38(5): 519-532
Oyagbemi A.A., Omobowale T.O., Akinleye S.A., Adebowale B.S., Blessing S.O., Oluwabusola D. (2014). Lack of Reversal of Oxidative Damage in Renal Tissues of Lead Acetate-Treated Rats. Environ. Toxicol. Environ Toxicol. 30(11):1235-43.
Ozkaya, A., Zafer, S., Uzeyir, D. and Mustafa, O. (2016). Effects of Naringenin on Oxidative Stress and Histopathological Changes in the Liver of Lead Acetate Administered Rats. J Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. 30: 5.
Sandamali, J.A.N., Hewawasam, R.P., Jayatilaka K.A.P.W. and Mudduwa L.K.B. (2021). Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume (Ceylon cinnamon) bark extract attenuates doxorubicin induced cardiotoxicity in Wistar rats. Saudi Pharm. J. 29(8):820-832
Sudhakar, C., Jain N. and Swarup G. (2008). Sp1-like sequences mediate human caspase-3 promoter activation by p73 and cisplatin. FEBS J. 275: 2200 –2213
Teerasarntipan, T., Chaiteerakij, R., Prueksapanich, P. and Werawatganon D. (2020). Changes in inflammatory cytokines, antioxidants and liver stiffness after chelation therapy in individuals with chronic lead poisoning. BMC Gastroenterol. 20, 263 (2020).
Vallverdú-Coll, N., Mateo, R., Mougeot F. and Ortiz-Santaliestra. M.E. (2019). Immunotoxic effects of lead on birds. Sci. Total Environ. 689:505-515.
Varshney, R. and Kale, R.K. (1990). Effect of calmodulin antagonists on radiation induced lipid peroxidation in microsomes. Inter. J. Rad. Biol. 58: 733–743.
Veltman, D., Wu, M., Pokreisz, P., Claus, P., Gillijns, H., Caluwé, E., Vanhaverbeke, M., Gsell, W., Himmelreich, U., Sinnaeve, P.R. and Janssens S.P. (2021). Clec4e-Receptor Signaling in Myocardial Repair After Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. JACC Basic Transl. Sci. 6(8):631-646.
Venkateswara, R. P., Kiran, S.D.V.S., Rohini, P. and Bhagyasree P. (2017). Flavonoid: A review on Naringenin. J. Pharmacog Phytochem. 6(5): 2778- 2783.
Walsh, J.G., Cullen, S.P., Sheridan, C., Luthi, A.U., Gerner, C. and Martin, S.J. (2008). Executioner caspase-3 and caspase-7 are functionally distinct proteases. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA.105 (35): 12815-12819.
Wang, J., Yang, Z., Lin, L., Zhao, Z., Liu, Z., Liu, X. (2012). Protective effect of naringenin against lead-induced oxidative stress in rats. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 146: 354–359.
Wang, S., Li, Q., Gao, Y., Zhou Z. and Li, Z. (2021). Influences of lead exposure on its accumulation in organs, meat, eggs and bone during laying period of hens, Poul. Sci. 100: 101249.
Wei, H., Xue, Q., Sun, L. and Lv, J. (2021). BRD4 inhibition protects against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by suppressing inflammation and oxidative stress through PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol.
Wolff S.F. (1994). Ferrous ion oxidation in the presence of ferric ion indicator xylenol orange for measurement of hydrogen peroxides. Methods Enzymol. 233:182–189.
Xia, Y. and Zweiler, J.L. (1997). Measurement of myeloperoxidase in leucocyte containing tissue. Anal biochem. 245:93-96.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Nigerian Journal of Physiological Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
