摘要
Background: Targeting oral health promotion among elderly individuals in rural settings requires baseline information on their oral health condition and practices as oral conditions are highly influenced by behavioral factors, which are culturally related in such settings.
Aim: To determine the association between oral health condition and practices of elders in two rural communities in southwestern Nigeria.
Materials and methods: A total of 357 residents aged 60 years or older participated in this cross-sectional survey conducted in randomly selected clusters in Igboora and Idere in Ibarapa, Southwest Nigeria. Information on sociodemographic characteristics, oral health practices (tooth cleaning material, frequency of tooth cleaning, utilization of dental services) and oral hygiene status was obtained using intervieweradministered questionnaire. Information on oral conditions such as dental caries experience, tooth mobility and number of teeth present were obtained by conducting oral examination. Data obtained were analyzed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS).
Results: Of 357 participants, 183 (51.3%) had missing tooth/teeth, 157 (44.0%) had mobile tooth/teeth, 114 (31.9%) had decayed tooth/teeth and 343 (96.1%) had poor oral hygiene. About a third 122 (34.2%) of the participants had consulted a dentist previously, out of whom 120 (98.4%) reported that pain was the main reason for doing so. The main reason for not visiting the dentist was: “no problem with me as tooth problems and its eventual loss occur with ageing” 178 (75.7%). Less frequent tooth cleaning and poor oral hygiene were associated with presence of mobile tooth/teeth and incomplete dentition (p<0.05). Presence of mobile (OR=1.80, 95%CI:1.09,2.98, p=0.023), decayed (OR=1.81, 95%CI:1.09,3.00, p=0.022) or missing teeth (OR=5.24, 95%CI:3.05,8.98, p<0.001) were predictors of previous dental consultation.
Conclusion: Poor oral hygiene was highly prevalent among elders in the rural communities. Less frequent tooth cleaning and poor oral hygiene were associated with presence of mobile tooth/teeth and incomplete dentition. Presence of mobile teeth, decayed teeth and missing teeth were significant predictors of previous dental consultation.
Keywords: Dental visits; elders; oral health practices; oral health promotion; oral hygiene
Résumé
Contexte: Le ciblage de la promotion de la santé bucco-dentaire chez les personnes âgées en milieu rural nécessite des informations de base sur leur état de santé bucco-dentaire et leurs pratiques, car les conditions bucco-dentaires sont fortement influencées par des facteurs comportementaux, qui sont culturellement liés dans ces milieux .
Objectif: Pour déterminer l’association entre l’état de santé bucco-dentaire et les pratiques des aînés dans deux communautés rurales du sud-ouest du Nigéria.
Matériel et méthodes: Un total de 357 résidents âgés de 60 ans ou plus a participé à cette enquête transversale menée dans des grappes sélectionnées aléatoirement d’Igboora et d’Idere à Ibarapa, dans le sud-ouest du Nigéria. Des informations sur les caractéristiques sociodémographiques, les pratiques de santé bucco-dentaire (matériel de nettoyage des dents, fréquence de nettoyage des dents, utilisation des services dentaires) et l’état d’hygiène bucco-dentaire ont été obtenues à l’aide d’un questionnaire administré par intervieweur. Des informations sur l’état buccal telles que l’expérience de la carie dentaire, la mobilité dentaire et le nombre de dents présentes ont été obtenues en procédant à un examen oral. Les données obtenues ont été analysées avec le progiciel statistique pour les sciences sociales (SPSS).
Résultats: Sur 357 participants , 183 (51,3%) avaient des dents / dents manquantes, 157 (44,0%) avaient des dent / dents mobiles, 114 (31,9%) avaient des dents / dents cariées et 343 (96,1%) avaient une mauvaise hygiène buccale. Environ un tiers 122 (34,2%) des participants avaient consulté un dentiste auparavant, parmi lesquels 120 (98,4%) ont indiqué que la douleur était la principale raison de le faire. La principale raison de ne pas rendre visite au dentiste était: «aucun problème avec moi car les problèmes dentaires et sa perte éventuelle surviennent avec le vieillissement»178 (75,7%).Un nettoyage des dents moins fréquent et une mauvaise hygiène buccale étaient associés à la présence de dents mobiles et d’une dentition incomplète(p <0,05).Présence de dents mobiles (OR = 1,80, IC à 95%: 1,09-2,98, p = 0,023), cariées (OR = 1,81, IC à 95%: 1,09-3,00, p = 0,022) ou manquantes (OR = 5,24, IC à 95% : 3,05-8,98, p <0,001) étaient des prédicteurs d’une consultation dentaire antérieure. Conclusion:Une mauvaise hygiène buccale était très répandue chez les aînés des communautés rurales.Un nettoyage des dents moins fréquent et une mauvaise hygiène bucco-dentaire étaient associés à la présence de dents mobiles et d’une dentition incomplète.La présence de dents mobiles, de dents cariées et de dents manquantes étaient des prédicteurs importants de la consultation dentaire précédente.
Mots-clés: visites dentaires; aînés; pratiques de santé bucco-dentaire; promotion de la santé buccodentaire; hygiène buccale
Correspondence: Dr. Folake B Lawal, Department of Periodontology and Community Dentistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Email: folakemilawal @ yahoo.com
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