Parenting Styles and Associated Psychiatric Morbidity among In-School Adolescents in Ibadan-North Local Government, Oyo State, Nigeria

Анотація

Introduction: Psychiatric morbidity (anxiety,

depression) constitute a major burden of disease for

adolescents globally. Age, family affluence, family

settings, physical abuseand emotional neglect has

been shown to be predictive of various mental

disorders among adolescents. Family Socio-economic

Status, educational level and parenting styles have

also been observed to be associated with mental

health in adolescents. Despite these findings, there

is still scarcity of data in local settings especially in

Nigeria. This study is aimed at determining the

association between parenting styles and psychiatric

morbidity among in-school adolescents between the

age of 10 and 19 in Ibadan-North Local Government,

Oyo State.

Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 392

students from selected private and public schools

were randomly selected in Ibadan-North Local

Government, Oyo State using multi-stage sampling

technique. Data were collected using interviewer

administered questionnaire.A scale of parenting style

was used to determine the perception of adolescents

about parenting while general health questionnaire

was used to ask questionnaires related to depression

and anxiety. Data were summarized using descriptive

statistics and bivariate and multivariate analysis was

used to determine the association between

independent variable (parenting styles) and dependent

variable (psychiatric morbidity). The level of

significance was set at 5%.

Results: Maternal parenting styles was statistically

associated with depression among in-school

adolescents with a p-value = 0.046 and

.Following logistic regression, paternal

authoritative parenting style is twice more likely to

be associated with anxiety symptoms among in-school

adolescents (OR= 2.523, 95% C.I= 1.16- 5.48, P =

0.02). Maternal authoritative parenting style is twice

more likely to cause anxiety among in-school

adolescents (OR= 2.78, 95% C.I= 1.17- 6.57, P =

0.02). Maternal authoritative parenting style is twice

also more likely to be associated with depression

among adolescents and it is statistically significant

(OR= 2.21, 95% C.I= 1.07- 4.59, P = 0.03).

Conclusion: Findings from this study suggests that

adolescents in Ibadan-North Local Government, Oyo

State exposed to authoritative parenting style are more

likely to develop symptoms of anxiety (paternal and

maternal parenting style) and depressive symptoms

(maternal parenting style). It is therefore suggested

that programs to create awareness among parents

about the impact of parenting styles on the mental

health of adolescents.