Öz
Introduction: Routine estimation of the majority of the atherogenic risk attributable to lipoproteins is done by the measurement of cholesterol content of the low density lipoprotein (LDL) as LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C). Non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (n-HDL-C) and Apolipoprotein B (Apo B) measurements have also been used as indices of risk as they account for other atherogenic molecules beyond LDL. We evaluate for discordance between these indices.
Methodology: Fasting plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, Apo B and glucose were measured on healthy non-diabetic participants.Low density lipoprotein- Cholesterol, non-HDL-C and BMI were calculated. Low density lipoprotein- Cholesterol LDL-C, apolipoprotein B and non-HDL cholesterol were grouped into percentiles. Individuals were discordant if either their LDL-C or non-HDL values belonged to a percentile category different from their percentile category for Apo B.
Results: A discordant result (apolipoprotein B /LDL-C or apolipoprotein B /non-HDL-C) was seen in 55 (22%) of the 252 participants. Discordance was more frequent between apolipoprotein B and non-HDL cholesterol, occurring in 50 (20%) persons than between apolipoprotein B and LDL-C, 21 (8.4%). Discordance was associated a body mass index (BMI) > 25kg/m2 (p = 0.039) and > 30kg/m2 (p = 0.008) and the median BMI of persons who were discordant was also higher than those who were not 26.2 kg/m2 vs. 25.0 kg/m2 , p = 0.018, respectively.
Conclusion: Discordance between Apo B and the calculated LDL-C and non-HDL is common among overweight and obese persons. It may provide a useful insight into the presence of atherogenic small dense LDL particles among these persons.
Keywords: Discordance, Apolipoprotein B, LDL-Cholesterol, non-HDL-Cholesterol
Résumé
Contexte: L’estimation routinière de la majorité du risque athérogène attribuable aux lipoprotéines est réalisée par la mesure de la teneur en cholestérol de la lipoprotéine de basse densité (LBD) sous forme de LBD-cholestérol (LBD-C). Les mesures du cholestérol des lipoprotéines de non-haute densité (n-HDL-C) et d’apolipoprotéine B (Apo B) ont également été utilisées comme indices de risque car elles représentent d’autres molécules athérogènes au-delà des LBD. Nous évaluons pour la discordance entre ces indices.
Méthodologie: Le cholestérol total plasmatique à jeun, les triglycérides, le cholestérol des lipoprotéines de haute densité, l’Apo B et le glucose ont été mesurés sur des sujets non diabétiques sains. Les lipoprotéines de basse densité, le cholestérol non HDL et l’IMC ont été calculés. Les lipoprotéines de basse densité, le cholestérol LBD -C, l’apolipoprotéine B et le cholestérol non-HDL ont été regroupés en percentiles. Les individus étaient discordants si leurs valeurs LBD-C ou non-HDL appartenaient à une catégorie de percentile différente de leur catégorie percentile pour Apo B.
Résultats: Un résultat discordant (apolipoprotéine B / LBD-C ou apolipoprotéine B / nonHDL-C) a été observé chez 55 (22%) des 252 participants. La discordance était plus fréquente entre l’apolipoprotéine B et le cholestérol non HDL, survenant chez 50 (20%) personnes qu’entre apolipoprotéine B et LBD-C, 21 (8,4%). La discordance était associée à un indice de masse corporelle (IMC) > 25 kg/m2 (p = 0,039) et > 30 kg/m2 (p = 0,008) et l’IMC médian des personnes discordantes était également plus élevé que celui de ceux qui n’étaient pas 26,2 kg/m2 contre 25,0 kg/m2, p = 0,018, respectivement.
Conclusion: La discordance entre l’Apo B et le LBD-C calculé et non-HDL est fréquente chez les personnes en surpoids et obèses. Il peut fournir un aperçu utile de la présence de petites particules de LBD dense athérogènes parmi ces personnes.
Mots clés: Discordance, Apolipoprotéine B, LBD-cholestérol, non-HDL-cholestérol
Correspondence: Dr. G.O. Ayoade, Department of Chemical Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: ayofissy@yahoo.com
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