Abstract
Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has hitherto been uncommonly reported among Nigerians and other black Africans. Recently, however, there have been increasing number of reports. The auto antibodies are diagnostic hallmarks in SLE and are also of significance in terms of prognosis and organ involvements. There have been scanty reports on the auto-antibodies profiles in black African SLE patients.
Objective: The objective of this study was to highlight the auto antibodies profile of SLE patients seen in a private practice rheumatology clinic in Lagos, Nigeria as well as to review the literature.
Method: This was a retrospective study of serology profiles of all SLE patients seen in a private practice clinic. Patients were diagnosed using the American College of Rheumatology Criteria for SLE. Sera were sent to Pathcare Laboratory, an internationally certified facility in Lagos.
Results: ANA was present in 95.7% of the patients and were mostly in high titres with speckled staining pattern on immunofluorescence. Other auto antibodies seen include Anti dsDNA( 54.4%); Anti Sm (75.2%); Anti RNP (81.8%); ENA screen( 79.5%); Ro/SSA (69.7%); Anti chromatin( 66.7%).
Conclusion: ANA is sensitive in diagnosis of SLE being present usually in high titres most of the patients. The frequency of some of the other serology profiles are similar to those seen in other SLE populations but differ in others. The value of auto antibodies in the diagnosis and their association with specific organ involvement is also confirmed.
Keywords: Auto antibodies, Nigerian lupus patients
Résumé
Contexte: Le lupus érythémateux disséminé (LED) a été jusqu’ici peu fréquemment signalés chez les Nigérians et chez les autres noirs-africains. Cependant, récemment, il ya eu un nombre croissant de rapports. Les autoanticorps sont les caractéristiques de diagnostic dans le LED et sont également importants en termes de pronostic et d’implications d’organes. Il ya eu peu de rapports sur les profils des auto-anticorps chez les lupiques de l’Afrique-noire.
Objectif: L’objectif de cette étude était de mettre en évidence le profil auto anticorps des patients atteints de vues dans un cabinet privé de rhumatologie à Lagos, au Nigeria, ainsi que d’examiner la documentation.
Méthode: Il s’agissait d’une étude rétrospective des profils sérologiques de tous les patients atteints de LED que l’on a examinés dans une clinique médicale privée. Les patients ont été diagnostiqués à l’aide des critères du Collège américain de Rhumatologie pour le LED. Les sérums sont envoyés au Pathcare Laboratoy, un centre international certifié à Lagos.
Résultats: ANA était présente dans 95,7% des patients et était pour la plupart dans les titres élevés avec ne image mouchetée sur l’immunofluorescence. D’autres auto-anticorps examinés incluent l’ADN (54,4%); l’anti Sm (75,2%); l’anti RNP (81,8%); l’ENA écran (79,5%); le Ro / SSA (69,7%); l’Anti chromatine (66,7%).
Conclusion: ANA est sensible dans le diagnostic de lupus érythémateux disséminé présent habituellement dans la plupart des titres élevés des patients. La fréquence de certains autres profils sérologiques sont semblables à ceux observés dans les populations atteintes de LED, mais diffèrent dans d’autres. La valeur d’auto-anticorps dans le diagnostic et leur association avec l’implication spécifique d’organe est également confirmée.
Correspondence: Dr. O O Adelowo, P O Box 7231, Ikeja. Lagos, Nigeria, E-mail: femiadelowo2003@yahoo.com
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