Апстракт
Background: Data on the epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) from sub-Saharan Africa are sparse. We investigated the prevalence of CKD and its early markers in Kumbotso, a rural community in northern Nigeria.
Methods: A total of 480 individuals were randomly selected from the general population using multistage stratified random sampling. Relevant demographic and clinical data were obtained using a structured questionnaire. Biological samples (urine and blood) were drawn for relevant investigations.
Results: CKD (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR <60 mls/min) was found in 117 participants (26%). Proteinuria was present in 106 persons (23.6%) and haematuria in 7 individuals (1.6%). The most common CKD stage was stage 1 (20%). CKD was associated with hypertension (P=0.002), diabetes (P=0.001), high cholesterol (P=0.030), smoking (P=0.015), increasing BMI (P=0.020), and increasing age (P=0.003). After adjusting for potential confounding with logistic regression modeling we found BMI, family history of hypertension, history of diabetes mellitus and family history of renal disease to be independent predictors of CKD.
Conclusions: Early markers of CKD are common among rural inhabitants of northern Nigeria and this call for concerted efforts towards institution of preventive measures.
Keywords: Chronic kidney disease, early markers, rural, Nigeria.
Résumé
Contexte: Les données sur l’épidémiologie de la maladie rénale chronique (MRC) provenant de l’Afrique sub-saharienne sont rares. Nous avons étudié la prévalence de MRC et ses marqueurs premiersàKumbotso, une communauté rurale dans le nord du Nigeria.
Méthodes: Un total de 480 personnes ont été choisies de manièrealéatoire dans la population générale en utilisant un échantillonnage aléatoire stratifié à plusieurs hiérarchies. Les données démographiques et cliniques pertinentes ont été obtenues à l’aide d’un questionnaire structuré. Les échantillons biologiques (urine et sang) ont été établis pour des enquêtes appropriées.
Résultats: MRC (taux de filtration glomérulaire estimé [TFGe<60 mls / min) a été trouvé dans 117(26%) participants. La protéinurie était présente dans 106(23,6%) personnes et hématurie dans 7(1,6%) individus. L’étape de MRC le plus courant était l’étape 1 (20%). MRC a été associée à l’hypertension (P = 0,002), diabète (P = 0,001), taux élevé de cholestérol (P = 0,030), tabagisme (P = 0,015), augmentation de l’IMC (P = 0,020), et augmentation d’âge (P = 0,003). Après ajuster pour variable a confusion potentiel avec le model de régression logistique, nous avons trouvé l’IMC, antécédents familiaux d’hypertension, antécédents de diabète sucré et des antécédents familiaux de maladie rénale pour être des facteurs prédictifs indépendants de MRC.
Conclusions: Les premiers marqueurs de MRC sont fréquents chez les habitants des zones rurales du nord du Nigeria et ceci appel à des efforts concertés vers l’institution de mesures préventives.
Mots-clés: Maladie rénale chronique, marqueurspremiers, rural, Nigeria
Correspondence: Dr. Aliyu Abdu, Neprology Unit, Department of Medicine, Bayero University/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria. E-mail: aliyuabdu2000@yahoo.co.uk
Референце
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