Povzetek
Little is known about factors that determine the QoL of elderly persons living in developing societies undergoing rapid social changes. A representative sample of elderly Nigerians, aged 65 years and over (n= 2152), was assessed for QoL using the World Health Organization Quality of Life instrument (WHOQoL-Bref). Other than sociodemographic factors, respondents were also evaluated for major depressive disorder, physical conditions as well as for social network, support and engagement. Using linear regression modeling, these factors were explored for their ability to predict the physical, psychological, social and environmental domains of QoL. Economic status was the most consistent predictor of the four domains of QoL, with the coefficients ranging between 1.0 and 1.68 (p < 0.001 in every instance). Among health variables, functional disability (range: 7.07 – 19.86) and self-rated overall health (range: 7.89 – 18. 42) were the most salient. Participation in community activities (range 7.74 – 17.48) was the most consistent social predictor. Even though health factors are important, social factors, in particular those relating to the quality of social support and participation, are the most important predictors of QoL.
Keywords: Elderly, social network, health, quality of life
Résumé
Très peu est connu des facteurs déterminants le QoL aux vieillards dans les sociétés sous développés ayant des changements sociaux rapides. Une représentation de la population des vieillards nigérian, âgés de plus de 65 ans (n=2152), était évaluée pour le QoL utilisant l instrument standard de la qualité de la vie de l organisation mondiale de la santé (WHOQoL, Bref). En plus des facteurs sociodémographiques, les participants étaient évalués pour les désordres majeurs de dépression, conditions physiques, psychologiques sociales bienqu’un réseau social, support et engagement. En utilisant le modèle de régression linéaire, ces facteurs étaient examinés pour leur apport de prédire les domaines physiques, psychologiques, sociaux et environnementaux du QoL. Le statut économique était le predicteur le consistent des 4 domaines du QoL avec les cœfficients variant entre 1- 1.68 (P< 0.001). Parmi les variables de la santé, la déshabilité fonctionnelle entre 7.07 – 19.86 et la santé générale entre 7.89-18.42 étaient les plus important. La participation dans les activités communautaires (7.74-17.48) était le predicteur le plus consistent. Bien que ces facteurs de la santé sont important, les facteurs sociaux lies
Correspondence: Professor Oye Gureje, Department of Psychiatry, University College Hospital, PMB 5116, Ibadan, Nigeria. Email: ogureje@comui.edu.ng
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