Povzetek
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has proved effective in prolonging survival and improving the quality of life of the people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). For the successful treatment of HIV infection, at least 95% adherence to HAART is required. This study sought to assess adherence to HAART and to identify factors enhancing adherence within the study population. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional survey of 428 patients attending the antiretroviral (ARV) clinic of the Federal Medical Centre, Makurdi. Self-reported adherence and other data were collected using an intervieweradministered questionnaire. Data were analysed using SPSS 11.0 and Epi6; and were exported into Systat 11 for multivariate logistic regression.There were 151 (35.3%) males and 277 (64.7%) females. The mean age was 36.7 ± 9.6 years. Self-reported adherence rate was 268 (62.6%). The factor most predictive of adherence to HAART was availability of ARVs [OR = 5.2; 95% confidence interval 3.1-8.6; p < 0.001], followed by the ability to afford regular visits to the ARV clinic [OR = 1.7; 95% confidence interval 1.04- 2.8; p = 0.034]. A recent diagnosis of HIV made less than 3 years prior to the study period was also significantly associated with adherence to HAART (x 2 = 8.94; p = 0.003). Availability of ARVs and ability to afford to regularly visit the clinic among other factors, positively influenced adherence to HAART among PLWHA. Efforts should be targeted at constant provision of free ARVs and early initiation of therapy for those requiring treatment, as well as ensuring regular adherence-education.
Keywords: Adherence, HAART, PLWHA, HIV, ARV
Résumé
La thérapie antiretrovirale très active (HAART) a prouvé effective dans la longévité et la l’amélioration de la qualité de vie des individus vivant avec le NIH/SIDA (PLWHA).Pour le succès du traitement
d’infection du VIH, au moins 95% d’adhérence au HAART est nécessaire. Cette étude évaluait l’adhérence au HAART et d identifier les facteurs influençant l’adhérence de la population étudiée. Cette étude était descriptive sur 428 patients (151 (35.3%) males et 277 (64.7%) femelles) attendant la clinique antiretroviral (ARV) du Centre Fédéral Médical de Makurdi. L’adhérence personnelle et d’autres données étaient collectées utilisant un questionnaire par interview. Les données étaient analysées utilisant les programmes SPSS 11.0 et Epi6; et étaient exportées dans Systat 11 l’analyse de régression logistique multivariable. La moyenne d’age était de 36.7 ± 9.6 ans. Le taux d’adhérence personnel était de 268 (62.6%). Le facteur le plus prédictive d’adhérence au HAART était accessibilité au ARVs [OR = 5.2; 95% l’intervalle de confidence 3.1-8.6; p < 0.001], suivi par l habilité aux visites régulières a la clinique ARV [OR = 1.7; 95% l’intervalle de confidence 1.04-2.8; p = 0.034]. Un diagnosis récent du VIH faisait moins de 3 ans de cette étude était significativement associé a l’adhérence au HAART (x 2 = 8.94; p = 0.003). Accessibilité aux ARVs et l’habilité d’aller a une visite régulièrement parmi autres facteurs influence positivement l’adhérence au HAART parmi les PLWHA. Des efforts doivent être visé a l’approvisionnement des antiretroviraux gratuit (ARVs gratuit) et d une initiation précoce de la thérapie pour ceux nécessitant une traitement bien qu’une éducation régulière.
Correspondence: Dr. Vivian N. Shaahu, Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. Email: vhshaahu@yahoo.com.
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