Аннотация
Background: A number of hormones are known to affect intra ocular pressure (IOP). Of these, the female sex hormones are the predominant ones to cause variations in IOP. During menopause, a changing hormone profile in the body causes important shifts in the levels of these hormones. Studies on the effect of menopause on visual function, cardiovascular and ocular hemodynamics showed that menopausal women had significantly higher IOP as compared to premenopausal women. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of serum levels of sex hormones on IOP in postmenopausal Nigerian women.
Method: This study was an experimental, cross sectional study. Twenty postmenopausal women aged 50 to 55 years (mean age 52±2. 32) and twenty premenopausal women aged 45 to 50 years (mean age 50±2.13) were selected by systematic random sampling. The women were free from systemic or ocular diseases. IOP was measured and serum levels of progesterone, estradiol and testosterone were determined by hormone assay for all subjects. Data was analyzed by correlation analysis.
Results: Mean IOP between the postmenopausal (16.00±5.81 mmHg) and premenopausal women (15.50±3.28 mmHg, p=0.24) was not statistically significant. Although there was a positive correlation between IOP and estradiol level in the post-menopausal women (r=0.567, p=0.009), no significant correlation was found between IOP and serum levels of sex hormones among the premenopausal women.
Conclusion: Our result suggests a relation between levels of estradiol and IOP in postmenopausal Nigerian women. However further studies may be required to determine a direct cause and effect relationship.
Keywords: Menopause, hormone; intraocular pressure; estradiol; testosterone.
Résumé - 3457
Contexte: Certains hormones sont connus comme étant la cause de la pression intraoculaire (PIO). Parmi ceuxci, les hormones du genre féminin sont les plus prédominants à provoquer des variations de la PIO. Pendant la ménopause, un changement de profil hormonal dans le corps provoque des changements importants aux niveaux de ces hormones. Les études sur l’effet de la ménopause sur la fonction visuelle, hémodynamique cardio-vasculaires et oculaires ont montré que les femmes en ménopause ont la plus sensiblement élevée PIO que chez celles qui ne sont pas en ménopause. Le but de cette étude était de déterminer l’influence des niveaux d’hormones sexuelles de sérum sur la PIO chez les femmes ménopausées nigérians.
Méthode: C’est une étude expérimentale transversale. Vingt femmes en ménopause, âgées de 50 ans à 55 ans (52 ± 2. Âge de 32 ans moyenne) et vingt femmes pré ménopausées âgées de 45 à 50 ans (50 ± 2.13 femmes d’âge moyen) ont été sélectionnés par échantillonnage aléatoire systématique. Celles-ci sont exceptées des maladies systémiques ou oculaires. La PIO a été diagnostiquée et les niveaux de progestérone, de l’œstradiol et de la testostérone sérique ont été déterminées par dosage hormonal chez tous les sujets. Les données ont été analysées par analyse de corrélation.
Résultats: La moyenne entre le post-ménopausique (16,00 ± 5,81 mm Hg) et les femmes pré ménopausées (15,50 ± 3,28 mmHg, p = 0,24) n’était pas statistiquement importante. Bien qu’il y ait une corrélation positive entre la PIO et le niveau d’estradiol chez les femmes post-ménopausées (r = 0,567, p = 0,009), aucune corrélation importante n’a été trouvée entre les niveaux de sérum d’hormones sexuelles chez les femmes pré ménopausées et la PIO
Conclusion: Nos résultats suggèrent une relation entre les niveaux d’œstradiol et la PIO chez les femmes nigérianes en ménopause. Toutefois, d’autres études s’avèrent indispensables pour déterminer la cause directe et l’effet des relations.
Correspondence: Dr. J.A. Ebeigbe, Department of Optometry, Faculty of life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria. E-mail: jenniferebeigbe@yahoo.com
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