Samenvatting
One of the major goals for the global control of tuberculosis (TB) in humans is the laboratory diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis the causative agent of TB. This organism is present in sputum specimens which are often contaminated by other fast growing microflora. Therefore, the use of rapid and effective diagnostic methods for optimal detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is required through different decontamination methods. This review considers some of the decontamination methods that have been described for the recovery of M. tuberculosis based on published print and electronic articles. Some of these methods have limitations which may make them unsuitable for use in most local laboratories in the developing world; and these include unavailability of essential reagents and materials, cost of acquiring equipment, lack of skilled personnel and undue delay in the time of processing samples. Despite these challenges, there are some methods
that have potentials of being adapted for use in clinical mycobacteriology laboratories in developing countries particularly Nigeria. With the correct laboratory logistics put in place, the simplified concentration, KudohKudoh, and modified Petroff methods may go a long way in achieving effective sputum decontaminations under local setting. The potentials and challenges of using other decontamination methods are discussed.
Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis, diagnostic methods, sputum, decontamination,
Résumé
L’un des objectifs majeur du contrôle global de la tuberculose (TB) chez les humains est le diagnostique de laboratoire de la Mycobacterium, cause de la TB. Cet organisme est présent dans les spécimens qui sont parfois contamine par les autres croissances rapides des flores microbiennes. Cependant, l’usage des méthodes de diagnostics rapide et effectifs pour la détection optimale des tuberculose mycobacterium est recommandé a travers différentes méthodes de décontamination. Cette revue considère certaines méthodes de décontamination qui ont été décrit pour le recyclage des Tuberculose M. sur la base des articles électroniques publiés. Certaines de ces méthodes ont des limitations qui peuvent les défavoriser pour l’utilisation dans les laboratoires locaux
dans un monde développé; et ceci inclut l’indisponibilité des agents et des matériels, cout d’acquisition des équipements, manque de personnel qualifié et les délais non respectés au cours des manipulations des échantillons. Malgré ces défis, il existe certaines méthodes qui ont le potentiel d’être adapté à l’usage en laboratoire Clinique de mycobactériologie dans les pays développés particulièrement au Nigeria. Avec des laboratoires et logistiques justes mis en place, la concentration simplifiée, les méthodes Kudoh-Kudoh, et modifiés Petroff peuvent aider à achever des décontaminations effectives de crachats de façon locale. Les potentiels et les défis de l’utilisation des autres méthodes de décontamination sont discutés.
Correspondence: Dr. SIB Cadmus, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: sibcadmus@yahoo.com
Referenties
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