Sammendrag
Nigeria currently carries a high burden of tuberculosis, with an associated increasing incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, with the lymph node being one of the most frequently affected sites. This 10 year (1996-2005) retrospective study was carried out to determine the prevalence of tuberculous lymphadenitis in patients at the Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology Clinic of the Department of Pathology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. In all, a total of 1,120 lymph node aspirates were examined, out of which 285 (25.45%) were reported as tuberculous lymphadenitis. One hundred and forty-eight (51.9%) were males while 137 (48.1%) were females. The age group of 10-19 years had the highest prevalence of 80 (28.1%), followed by those of 0-9 years with 75 (26.3%) and 20-29 years with 62 (21.8%). The cervical lymph nodes were the most affected sites (63.9%) followed by the supraclavicular (7.7%); submandibular (5.6%); the least affected sites being the clavicular and axillary nodes. The study concludes that tuberculous lymphadenitis is a common clinical presentation in Ibadan and it usually affects children, adolescents and young adults; with the cervical group of lymph nodes being the most commonly affected site.
Keywords: Cytology, tuberculosis, lymphadenitis, Nigeria
Résumé
De nos jours, Nigeria a le taux le plus élevé en tuberculose, avec une augmentation associée de l’incidence de la tuberculose extra-pulmonaire; les nœuds lymphatiques étant un de plus fréquent sites affectés. Cette étude rétrospective de 10 ans (1996- 2005) était faite pour déterminer le taux de tuberculose lymphadenite chez les patients de la clinique cytologique au département de pathologie, Collège Universitaire Hospitalier, Ibadan, Nigeria. Au total 1,120 nœuds lymphatiques aspires 6étaient examines, 285 (25.45%) étaient rapporte ayant la tuberculose lymphadenite. Cent quarante huit (51.9%) étaient des
males et 137 (48.1%) des femelles. Le groupe d’âge de 10-19 ans avait le taux le plus élevé de 80 (28.1%), suivit par ceux de
0-9 ans avec 75 (26.3%) et 20-29 ans avec 62 (21.8%). Les nœuds lymphatiques cervicaux étaient les sites les plus affectes
(63.9%) suivit par le supra claviculaire (7.7%); submandibulaire (5.6%); les sites les moins affectes étant les nœuds
claviculaire et axillaires. Cette étude conclut que la tuberculose lymphadenite est communément présente en Clinique à
Ibadan et habituellement affecte les enfants, adolescents et les jeunes adultes avec les nœuds lymphatiques cervicaux les sites
les plus affectés.
Correspondence: Dr. Simeon Cadmus, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: sibcadmus@yahoo.com
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