Absztrakt
Background: Globally, sexually transmitted disease (STD) is a public health problem. In Nigeria, adolescents form a substantial proportion (22%) of the population and are particularly prone to STDs because of the influence of peer pressure and urge to experiment sexual activity. The study examined the knowledge and attitude of adolescents towards the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases.
Method: The survey study was descriptive cross-sectional and carried out among consenting secondary school students aged 10-24 years completing a self-administered questionnaire on knowledge and attitude in relation to sexually transmitted diseases in Ikeji-Arakeji, Oriade Local government, Osun State, Nigeria. The proportionate sampling technique was used to recruit 341 participants into the study. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.
Results: Male-Female distributions were 46.3% and 53.7% respectively. Mean age at first sex (sex initiation) was 16.8 years (approximately 17years) and about 97% of the respondents knew about STDs. The media/magazine was the major source of information about STDs, accounting for more than half (57%) of the responses on sources of STD information followed closely from that from friends with 31%. Parent’s source of information was about 11%. Knowledge of STDs centred mainly on HIV/AIDS with 83% and there was a poor knowledge (78%) of its symptoms. About 40% of all respondents had initiated sex at the time of the study and 46% of the adolescents, as against 54%, thought it was bad to initiate sex before marriage. There was a significant association between perception about initiating sex before marriage and ever having sex using bivariate analysis (x2=268.4, P<0.001). Also, there was a significant difference between the different groups (sources of information) in influencing sex initiation (F=318.47 and P=0.000). Post-hoc analysis showed that each of the different groups (sources of information) was distinct.
Conclusion: Adolescents’ knowledge of STDs generally limited to HIV/AIDS and perception about sex significantly influenced the decision to initiate sex. There is, therefore, a serious need to implement sexual education and other sexual and reproductive health interventions early for adolescents in Nigeria.
Keywords: Adolescents, sexual transmitted diseases, HIV/AIDS, knowledge, attitude.
Résumé
Contexte: Universellement, la maladie sexuellement transmissible (MST) est un problème de santé publique. Au Nigeria, les adolescents forment une proportion importante (22%) de la population et sont particulièrement vulnérables aux maladies sexuellement transmissibles en raison de l'influence de la pression des pairs et l'urge à expérimenter l'activité sexuelle. L'étude a examiné les connaissances et l'attitude des adolescents à la prévention des maladies sexuellement transmissibles.
Méthode: L'enquête d'étude était descriptive transversale et réalisée parmi des consentants élèves du cycle secondaire âgés de 10-24 ans remplissant un questionnaire auto-administré sur la connaissance et l'attitude par rapport aux maladies sexuellement transmissibles àIkeji-Arakeji, gouvernement local d'Oriade, État d'Osun , Nigeria. La technique d'échantillonnage proportionnel a été utilisée pour recruter 341 participants dans l'étude. Les données ont été analysées à l'aide de statistiques descriptives et déductives.
Résultats: Les distributions Homme-Femme étaient de 46,3% et 53,7% respectivement. L'âge moyen au premier rapport sexuel (initiation sexuelle) était de 16,8 ans (environ 17 années) et environ 97% des personnes interrogées savaient sur les MST. Les médias / le magazine a été la principale source d'information sur les MST, ce qui représente plus de la moitié (57%) des réponses sur les sources d'information sur les MST suivie de près par celle des amis avec 31%. La source d'information provenant des parents était d'environ 11%. La connaissance des MST centrait principalement sur le VIH / sida avec 83% et il y avait une mauvaise connaissance (78%) de ses symptômes. Environ 40% de tous les répondants avait initié le sexe au moment de l'étude et 46% des adolescents, contre 54%, ont pensé qu'il était mauvais d'initier le sexe avant le mariage. Il y avait une association significative entre la perception sur l'initiation des rapports sexuels avant le mariage et
toujours avoir des relations sexuelles en utilisant l'analyse bidimensionnelle (X2 = 268,4, p <0,001). En outre, il y avait une différence significative entre les différents groupes (sources d'information) pour influencer l'initiation sexuelle (F = 318,47 et P = 0,000). L'analyse post-hoc a montré que chacun des différents groupes (sources d'information) était distincte.
Conclusion: Les connaissances des adolescents sur les MST généralement limité au VIH / SIDA et la perception sur le sexe a considérablement influencé la décision d'initier le sexe. Il y a, par conséquent, un besoin sérieux pour mettre en œuvre l'éducation sexuelle et d'autres interventions de santé sexuelle et reproductive tôt pour les adolescents au Nigeria.
Mots-clés: Adolescents, maladies sexuellement transmissibles, VIH / SIDA, connaissance, attitude.
Correspondence: Mrs. M.E. Akokuwebe, Department of Epidemiology and Social Statistics, College of Social Sciences, Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji Arakeji, Osun State, Nigeria. E-mail: zino952000@yahoo.com
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