Absztrakt
Prevalence and mortality rates of cancer are on the increase worldwide. Its management is blurred by misconception in Nigeria particularly. This study therefore examines the Yoruba perception and management of cancer using health belief model as the theoretical framework. The study utilised both qualitative and quantitative approaches. It was carried out in Ibadan metropolis in Nigeria. For the qualitative data a total of 19 Focus group discussions (190 people) among people aged 20 years above 45 in-depth interviews and structured observation were held. For quantitative data, a simple random sampling technique was employed in selecting 450 people at the household level while non-probability sampling was used for the 45 people living with cancer (PLWC) and 75 health care providers. The result showed that cancer is perceived as a major health problem. It is commonly called “Jejere” literally meaning a devouring disease. Cancer is associated with natural causes due to unhealthy life styles such as nutritional pattern and indiscriminate use of both orthodox and traditional drugs. Socio-economic factors of the people determine management of cancer
(43.4% and 33.0% for money and occupation respectively).Result showed that (60%) preferred and use the orthodox medical care for various reasons such as precision about treatment positive outcome of care among others. Utilization of modern healthcare however was associated with high cost. Education and occupation have significant relationship with perceived cause of cancer p<0.05, respectively. Variables like sex, age, and religion were not significant to perceived causes (p>0.05) of cancer. The perceived cause of cancer does not have any relationship with the choice of cancer care p>0.05. The available health care is significant to the choice of cancer care p<0.05. The choice of cancer care depends on variables like sex, age, education and occupation p<0.05, while religion is insignificant to the choice of cancer care p>0.05. The problems encountered at the health care institutions were not significant to their utilization pattern p>0.05, in order words, the benefits derived out-weighs the problems. Perception of cancer was not tied to the usual Yoruba perception of diseases. Cancer care depends largely on economic factors and facilities for cure rather than cultural factors. It is recommended that the government should focus on the following for effective management of cancer: encourage mass literacy of the people and the indigenous practitioners; provide social support; and fund cancer research
Keywords: Perception; management; cancer; Yoruba.
Résumé
Les taux d’incidence et de mortalité du cancer augmentent considérable dans le monde. Ses soins sont touffus par la misconception au Nigeria particulièrement. Cette étude examine la perception des yorubas et les soins du cancer en utilisant le modèle de croyance de soins des soins de sante comme la conception théorique. Cette étude utilisait une approche qualitative et quantitative, conduite dans la ville métropolitaine d’Ibadan au Nigeria. Pour les données qualitative; au 19 total groupe focal de discussions (190 people) parmi la population âgée de plus de 20 ans; 45 interviews profonds; et une observation structurée étaient faite. Les donnes quantitative, la technique de choix simple au hasard était utilisée pour sélectionner 450 individus des maisons; alors la technique de la non-probabilité était utilise pour 45 patients vivant avec le cancer (PLWC); et 75 personnels de sante. Les résultats montraient que le cancer est perçu comme le problème de sante
majeur, communément appelle “Jejere” littéralement la maladie dévorante. Le cancer est associe avec les causes naturelles du des styles de vie impur tels que le fréquence nutritionnelle et l’usage indiscrète des médicaments orthodoxe et traditionnels. Les facteurs socio-économiques de la population déterminent les soins du cancer (43.4% et 33.0% pour l’argent et occupation respectivement). Le résultat montrait que (60%) préférait et utilisant les centres de sante orthodoxe pour des raisons varies telles que la précision du traitement, le résultat positif des soins parmi d’autres. L’utilisation des centres de sante modernes était associée a un cout élevé. L’éducation et l’occupation avaient significativement une relation avec la cause perçue du cancer p<0.05. Les variables tels que le sexe, l’âge, et la religion n’étaient pas perçue comme des causes significatives du cancer (p>0.05). La cause perçue du cancer n’a aucune relation avec le choix des soins du cancer p>0.05. La disponibilité des centres de sante est significatif au choix des soins du cancer p<0.05. Le choix des soins du cancer dépend des variables tels que le sexe, l’âge, l’éducation et l’occupation p<0.05, alors que la religion n’était pas significative au choix des soins du cancer p>0.05. Les problèmes rencontrées dans les centres de sante n’étaient pas significatif a leur fréquence d’utilisation p>0.05, bien un mot les problèmes pesés sur les bénéfices. La perception du cancer n’était pas attachée a la conception habituelle de la maladie chez les yoruba. Les soins du cancer dépend largement des facteurs économiques et des facilites des soins plutôt que les facteurs culturels. Il est recommandé que le gouvernement améliore les soins effectifs du cancer en encourageant l’éducation des populations, amélioré le support des tradipraticiens et financer les recherche sur le cancer.
Correspondence: Dr. Modupe Olusola Oyetunde, Department of Nursing, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Email: dusoyet@yahoo.com; ,ooyetunde@comui.edu.ng
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