Sažetak
Background: The metabolic syndrome constitutes a complex health problem for populations worldwide. Apart from associated healthcare and management costs, it is also implicated in increased predisposition to cardiovascular disorders with their attendant morbidities and mortality. The complications arising from this syndrome are diverse, with microvascular dysfunction being a key element. Diet is one of the key factors that lead to obesity; the precursor to metabolic syndrome.
Design: We carried out a comprehensive search of academic databases (up to 2015), with specific emphasis on PubMed-cited articles, for studies on metabolic syndrome, obesity and induced inflammation, type II diabetes mellitus, body fat and the role of diet in obesity. All results obtained across studies were pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis.
Purpose and findings: This review examines current literature on this disorder, its complications and management. It also explores current concepts and perceptions on genetic influences on this syndrome, while emphasising the influence of diet on both its development and management. It also endeavours to explore these linkages in order to identify new avenues for research into this syndrome.
Keywords: Diet, metabolic syndrome, epigenetics
Résumé
Contexte: Le syndrome métabolique constitue un problème de santé complexe pour les populations du monde entier. Outre les coûts de santé et de gestion associés, il est également impliqué dans la prédisposition accrue aux troubles cardiovasculaires avec leurs morbidités associées et mortalité. Les complications liées à ce syndrome sont diverses, avec le dysfonctionnement micro-vasculaire étant un élément clé. L’alimentation est l’un des facteurs clés qui conduisent à l’obésité; le précurseur du syndrome métabolique. But : Nous avons effectué une recherche exhaustive des bases de données académiques (jusqu’en 2015), en mettant l’accent sur les articles cités dans Pub-Med, pour les études sur le syndrome métabolique, l’obésité et l’inflammation induite, le diabète de mellite de type II, la graisse corporelle et le rôle du régime alimentaire dansl’obésité. Tous les résultats obtenus au cours des études ont été regroupés au moyen d’une méta-analyse à effets aléatoires.
Objectif et résultats: Cet examen examine la littérature actuelle sur ce trouble, ses complications et sa prise en charge. Il explore également les concepts actuels et les perceptions sur les influences génétiques sur ce syndrome, tout en soulignant l’influence du régime sur son développement et sa gestion. Il s’efforce également d’explorer ces liens afin d’identifier de nouvelles pistes de recherche sur ce syndrome.
Mots-clés: Régime alimentaire, syndrome métabolique, épi-génétique
Correspondence: Prof. Emiola O. Olapade-Olaopa, Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail:
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