Sažetak
Background: Mycoplasma genitalium, an emerging sexually transmitted pathogen of the Mycoplasmatacea family, has been reportedly associated with infertility. It is often asymptomatic and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the gold standard for diagnosis. This study is aimed to determine the prevalence of M. genitalium infection among fertile and infertile women in Ibadan using the conventional PCR technique.
Methodology: A cross–sectional hospital-based, matched case control study of 267 infertile and 135 consenting fertile women conducted between March and November 2015. Information on sociodemographic and behavioural characteristics were obtained by interviewer-administered questionnaire after which endocervical swabs were taken. The presence of M. genitalium infection was detected by Conventional PCR. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.
Results: The mean ages of the study and controlled groups were 33.8±5.7 and 31.9±4.5 years respectively (p>0.05). There was no difference in the socio-demographic and behavioural characteristics of the participants. The prevalence of M. genitalium was 16.1% among the infertile women and 2.2% among the controls (p < 0.001). This prevalence is similar among the types of infertility- primary or secondary.
Conclusion: The prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium is significantly higher among infertile women thereby necessitating a call for appropriate microbiological screening. This will reduce the possibility of patients being under-investigated and misdiagnosed with subsequent inappropriate treatment. Routine screening for M. genitalium is therefore recommended in all women presenting with infertility.
Keywords: Endocervical, infertility, Mycoplasma genitalium, PCR
Résumé
Contexte: Mycoplasme genitalium, un émergeant agent pathogène sexuellement transmissible de la famille Mycoplasmatacea a apparemment été associé à la stérilité. Il est souvent asymptomatique et la réaction en chaîne de la polymérase (RCP) est la référence en matière de diagnostic. Cette étude vise à déterminer la prévalence de l’infection à M. genitalium chez les femmes fertiles et stériles d’Ibadan à l’aide de la technique conventionnelle RCP.
Méthodologie: Une étude transversale comparative cas-témoins basée en hôpital sur 267 femmes stériles et 135 femmes fertiles consentantes a été menée entre Mars et Novembre 2015. Les informations sur les caractéristiques sociodémographiques et comportementales ont été obtenues à l’aide d’un questionnaire administré par intervieweur, après quoi des prélèvements endo-cervicaux ont été effectués. La présence d’une infection à M. genitalium a été détectée par RCP conventionnelle. Toutes les données ont été analysées avec SPSS version 20.0.
Résultats: Les âges moyens des groupes d’étude et de contrôle étaient respectivement de 33,8 ± 5,7 ans et de 31,9 ± 4,5 ans (p> 0,05). Il n’y a pas de différence dans les caractéristiques sociodémographiques et comportementales des participants. La prévalence de M. genitalium était de 16,1% chez les femmes stériles et de 2,2% chez les témoins (p <0,001). Cette prévalence est similaire parmi les types d’infertilité - primaire ou secondaire.
Conclusion: La prévalence de Mycoplasme genitalium est significativement plus élevée chez les femmes infertiles, ce qui nécessite un appel à un dépistage microbiologique approprié. Cela réduira la possibilité que les patients subissent une sous-enquête et un diagnostic erroné avec un traitement subséquent inapproprié. Le dépistage systématique de M. genitalium est donc recommandé chez toutes les femmes présentant une stérilité.
Mots clés: Endo-cervical, infertilité, Mycoplasme genitalium, RCP
Correspondence: Dr. Tinuade A. Ajani, Department of Medical Microbiology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: solamustoo@yahoo.com.
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