सार
Little empirical data exist on the rates of exposure to traumatic events and its sequelae especially in adolescents. This study was designed to determine the lifetime prevalence of exposure to traumatic events and posttraumatic stress symptoms among adolescents in Ibadan, Nigeria. A sample of 786 boys and girls from 10 senior secondary schools located within Ibadan were interviewed using an adapted version of the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia (KSADS) to ascertain the prevalence of exposure to traumatic events and posttraumatic stress symptoms. Irrespective of gender, more than 40% reported lifetime exposure to at least one traumatic event. Commonly reported events were: receiving news of sudden injury, death or illness in a close family member or friend, being a victim or witness to a violent crime and physical abuse. About 2.4% of the sample met diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Female sex, exposure to more than one traumatic event, and sexual abuse were associated with increased risk for PTSD. The results of this study highlights the substantial risk for experiencing serious traumatic events by adolescents within the community, and a need for professionals involved in the care of adolescents to be more vigilant in screening for trauma related distress.
Keywords: Trauma; posttraumatic stress disorder; adolescents; prevalence
Résumé
Peu de données empiriques existent sur le taux d’exposition aux évènements traumatiques et ses séquelles précisément en adolescence. Cette étude était désignée pour déterminer la prévalence des expositions aux évènements traumatisants et les symptômes du stress post traumatisme parmi les adolescents à Ibadan, Nigeria. Un échantillon de 786 garçons et filles de 10 collèges situé à Ibadan était interviewés utilisant une version adaptée des étapes des désordres affectives et de Schizophrénie pour certifier la prévalence de l’exposition aux évènements traumatisants et les symptômes du stress post-traumatiques. Indépendamment du genre, plus de 40% des cas expositions reportés au cours de la vie à au moins un événement traumatisant était : recevoir des
nouvelles de la mort ou la maladie d’un membre de la famille ou d’un ami proche, être victime ou témoin d’un crime violent ou d’un abus physique. Environ 2.4% de l’échantillon a remplis les critères de diagnostique pour les désordres du stress post traumatisme(DSPT).le sexe féminin, exposé à plus d’un évènement traumatisant, et à l’abus sexuel était associés avec l’augmentation des risques de DSPT. Les résultats de cette étude révèlent les risqué substantiels qu’il ya pour un adolescent de vivre un événement traumatisant dans une communauté, et le besoin des professionnels dans la prise en charge des adolescents d’être plus vigilent dans la gestion du traumatisme.
Correspondence: Dr. BD Oladeji, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: bibideji@yahoo.com
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