सार
Objective: The cross sectional study tried to identify some risk factors for rampant caries in a hospital based population of Nigerian children.
Method: 205 consecutive eligible children seen in the paediatric units of two hospitals in Nigeria were recruited into the study. All enrolled children were healthy with no chronic medical condition. Consent for study participation was received from their accompanying parent. The accompanying parent of each child was questioned on the duration of breast and bottle feeding, and form of breast feeding and the frequency of daily intake of sugary diet. The associations between sex, age of the child, frequency of daily consumption of sugar, birth rank, duration of breast feeding, form of breast feeding and duration of bottle feeding and rampant caries were established.
Results: No association was found between the occurrence of rampant caries and sex, birth rank, duration of breast feeding, form of breast feeding and duration of bottle feeding. However, and association existed between the rampant caries, the age (p<0.001) of the child and frequency of daily consumption of sugar (p=0.026). The odds for rampant caries was 0.63 for every year decrease in age (95% CI 0.53 to 0.76) p<0.001. Also, the odds for rampant caries was 1.46 for every increase in frequency of daily consumption of sugar (95% CI 1.10 to 1.95) p=0.009. However, threshold for rampant caries was established at a frequency of daily consumption of sugar greater than three times a day. At this threshold, the risk for rampant caries increased by 0.26 when the frequency of daily consumption of sugar is greater than 3 times a day (95% CI 0.023 to 0.50) p=0.032.
Conclusion: Children who report consuming sugary diet more than three times a day should be managed as a high risk patient for rampant caries.
Keywords: Rampant caries, Nigeria, Children
Abstrait
Objectif: L’étude transversale a tenté d’identifier certains facteurs de risque pour la carie rampante d’une population en milieu hospitalier des enfants nigérians.
Méthode: 205 enfants consécutifs admissibles sont examinés dans un centre pédiatriques de dans deux hôpitaux au Nigeria, ont été recrutés dans l’étude. Tous les enfants inscrits étaient en bonne santé sans maladie chronique. Le consentement pour la participation à l’étude a été reçu de leurs parents qui les ont accompagnés. Le parent qui a accompagné chaque enfant a été interrogé sur la durée de l’allaitement maternel et celui artificiel, sur la forme de l’allaitement maternel et sur la fréquence de l’apport quotidien de l’alimentation sucrée. Les associations entre le sexe, l’âge de l’enfant, la fréquence de la consommation quotidienne de sucre, le rang de naissance, la durée de l’allaitement, la forme de l’allaitement maternel et la durée de l’allaitement au biberon et les caries rampantes ont été établies.
Résultats: Aucune association n’a été trouvée entre l’apparition de caries rampantes et le sexe, le rang de naissance, la durée de l’allaitement maternel, la forme de l’allaitement maternel et la durée de l’allaitement au biberon. Cependant, une association existait entre les caries rampantes, l’âge (p <0,001) de l’enfant et la fréquence de la consommation quotidienne de sucre (p = 0,026). Les bizarreries pour les caries rampantes étaient de 0,63 pour chaque diminution d’un an d’âge (95% CI 0,53 à 0,76) p <0,001. Aussi, les chances de caries rampantes étaient de 1,46 pour chaque augmentation de la fréquence de la consommation quotidienne de sucre (95% CI 1,10 à 1,95) p = 0,009. Toutefois, le seuil pour les caries rampantes a été établi à une fréquence de la consommation quotidienne de sucre supérieure à trois fois par jour. A ce seuil, le risque de caries rampantes a augmenté de 0,26 lorsque la fréquence de la consommation quotidienne de sucre est supérieure à 3 fois par jour ( IC à 95% de 0,023 à 0,50) p = 0,032.
Conclusion: Les enfants qui déclarent consommer les alimentations sucrées de plus de trois fois par jour doivent être gérés comme un patient à risque élevé de caries rampantes.
Correspondence: Dr. Morenike Afolayan, Department of Child Dental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Nigeria. E-mail: toyinukpong@yahoo.com
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