सार
Background: Periodic evaluation of morbidity and mortality data in developing countries is required to monitor trends in disease patterns. This study is to determine the prevalence and types of diseases currently seen in a secondary health care facility and compare with previous reports.
Methods: A retrospective study of the medical admissions at the Adeoyo State hospital, Ring Road, Ibadan, over a 5-year period (1996 – 2001).
Results: A total of 2609 patients aged 45.1 ± 19.5 years (range 8 – 98 years) were admitted. There was a male preponderance (53%). Causes of admission included cardiovascular diseases (36.8%) infections (24.9%) which include tuberculosis (1.3%) and HIV/AIDS (2%). Cardiovascular diseases increased by 150% compared with previous report from similar setting. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) account for 60.7% of all the medical admissions, affected older patients; progressively increased over time and were associated with more proportional mortality rate while communicable diseases were associated with higher case specific fatality rate. The overall mortality rate was 18.9%. Stroke was the leading cause of death, (20%). Other causes were tetanus 61 (12%), meningitis 55 (11%) and congestive cardiac failure 49 (10%). The age specific mortality rate was highest at 65 years of age and above age group.
Conclusion: Cardiovascular diseases and infections are prevalent. There is an increase in non-communicable diseases suggesting changing demographic, social attributes and lifestyle. There is a need for periodic monitoring of trends and feed back to the general public and policy makers.
Keywords: Medical admission, morbidity, mortality, prevalence, disease, secondary health facility.
Résumé
L’évaluation des données de la morbidité et mortalité dans les pays sous développés est nécessaire pour surveiller l’évolution dans les fréquences des maladies. Cette étude rétrospective des 5 dernières années (1996 – 2001) sur les admissions a l’hôpital d’Adeoyo, Ibadan avait pour but de déterminer la prévalence et les types de maladies couramment diagnostiquées dans le centre de santé et comparer avec les rapports antérieurs. Au total 2609 patients âges de 45.1 ± 19.5 ans ( 8 – 98 ans) étaient admis. Le taux de male était de (53%). Les causes de l’admission inclus les maladies cardiovasculaires (36.8%) et les infections (24.9%) qui inclus la tuberculose (1.3%) et le VIH/SIDA (2%). Les maladies cardiovasculaires augmentaient de 150% compare avec d’autres
rapports des lieux semblables. Les maladies non transmissibles (MNTs) s’estimaient pour 60.7% des admissions médicales, les patients plus âgés ; évolution croissante avec le temps et étaient associés avec plus de proportion de mortalité tandis que les maladies transmissibles étaient associés avec un taux élevée de fatalité spécifique. La mortalité totale était de 18.9%. L’arrêt cardiaque était la cause majeure de décès, (20%). Autres causes étaient le tétanos 61 (12%), méningite 55 (11%) et l’échec cardiaque 49 (10%). Le taux de mortalité d’âge spécifique était plus élevé au delà de 65 ans. Les maladies cardiovasculaires et les infections sont prévalences. Il y a également une augmentation des maladies non transmissibles suggérant des changements démographiques, des attribues sociaux et le style de vie. Ainsi, il ya un besoin d’une évaluation périodique de l’évolution et du feed back pour la population et aux politiciens.
Correspondence: Aduragbenro D.A. Adedapo, E-mail: debyee1965@yahoo.co.uk
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