Résumé
Urinary tract infections (UTI) affect all age groups and occur in both hospitalized and non-hospitalized individuals and have serious impact on the socio-economic life of the individual and the society, and also account for a large proportion of antibacterial drug consumption. Treatment failure has been attributed to increasing resistance to common antibiotics, but there is paucity of data from this part of Nigeria. This prospective study was carried out to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of uropathogens in Ibadan using standard microbiological diagnostic methods. Statistical analysis was by simple percentages among related variables. Four hundred and nine urinary isolates, 239 (58.4%) and 170 (41.6%) from hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients respectively were studied. Frequency of occurrence of urinary pathogens were Klebsiella spp 171 (41.8%), Pseudomonas species (including Pseudomonas aeruginosa) 81 (19.8%), Escherichia coli 78 (19.1%), Staphylococcus aureus 31 (7.6%) and Proteus mirabilis 31 (7.6%). Resistance to commonly used antibiotics such as ampicillin 97%, tetracycline 93%, co-trimoxazole 98%, and amoxycillin 89% was observed among most uropathogens. Seventy-five to 100% Pseudomonas spp. were resistant to the common antibiotics and also 87.1% and 82.4% were resistant to nalidixic acid and cefuroxime respectively. However, appreciable susceptibility by all uropathogens was found with amikacin 75%, ciprofloxacin 72.2%, ceftriaxone 68.4%, and pefloxacin 64.9%. Isolates from the community showed more susceptibility to tested drugs. In conclusion, widespread resistance to most antibiotics including cephalosporins and quinolones was found among all uropathogens.
Keywords: Antibiotic susceptibility; urinary pathogens; Ibadan; Nigeria
Résumé
Les infections de la voie urinaire (IVU) affectent tous les groupes d’âge et surviennent aussi bien chez les individus hospitalises et ceux non-hospitalises. Elles ontindividus et de la société, et compte aussi une large proportion de consommation des médicaments un grand impact sur la vie socio-économique des antibactériens. L’échec d’un traitement a été attribue a la résistance croissante au antibiotiques commun, mais il y a une rareté des données de cette partie du Nigeria. Cette étude prospective était faite pour déterminer la prévalence et la susceptibilité des uropathogens à Ibadan en utilisant la méthode standard. Les analyses statistiques étaient par simple pourcentage parmi les variables relies. Quatre cent neuf d’isolats urinaires, 239 (58.4%) et 170 (41.6%) isolats des patients hospitalises et non-hospitalises étaient étudiés respectivement. La fréquence des infections des pathogènes étaient: les espèces Klebsiella 171 (41.8%), les espèces de pseudomone (inclut Pseudomone aeruginosa) 81 (19.8%), Escherichia coli 78 (19.1%), Staphylocoque aureus 31 (7.6%) et les Proteus mirabilis 31 (7.6%). Resistance aux antibiotiques communément utilisées tels qu’ampicilline 97%, tétracycline 93%, co-trimoxazole 98%, et amoxycilline 89% était observe parmi la plupart des uropathogenes. Soixante quinze a 100% des espèces pseudomone étaient résistant aux antibiotiques commun et, 87.1% et 82.4% étaient résistant a l’acide nalidixique et la cefuroxime respectivement. Cependant, la susceptibilite appréciable des uropathogenes était remarquable a l’amikacine 75%, ciprofloxacine 72.2%, ceftriaxone 68.4%, et pefloxacine 64.9%. Les isolats de la communauté démontraient plus de susceptibilite aux médicaments testes, en conclusion la distribution de la résistance a la plupart des antibiotiques inclut les céphalosporines et les quinolones était observe parmi tous les uropathogenes.
Correspondence: Dr. H.O. Dada-Adegbola, Department of Medicial Microbiology and Parasitology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: dadaadegbola@yahoo.com, hodada-adegbola@comui.edu.ng
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