Résumé
Objective: The clustering of cardiovascular risk factors and diseases has grievous implications on overall morbidity and mortality. There is however relative paucity of this information among the Nigerian population. This study was aimed at defining the prevalence of the clustering of hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM) and dyslipidemia (DYSL) in a Nigerian teaching hospital outpatient clinics population.
Subjects and Methods: A cross sectional study of patients managed at the hypertension and diabetes clinics of the Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria between January and December 2008. The baseline demographic characteristics, blood pressures, blood sugars and fasting lipid profiles were obtained retrospectively from hospital records. Using the standard criteria for the diagnosis of HT, DM and DYSL, the prevalence of these conditions and their respective clusters were determined.
Results: A total of 506 patients were seen over this period, Male; 234(46.2%), Female; 272(53.8%) with mean age of 57.35(1.28) years. The prevalence of HT, DM and DYSL were 85%, 39.5% and 58.9% respectively. Concurrent HT and DYSL was the most prevalent cluster found in 146 patients (28.9%), followed by the clustering of the three co-morbidities of HT, DM and DYSL in 124 patients (24.5%).Other clusters were DM+HT; 49 (9.7%), DM+DYSL;13 (2.6%). 41.2% of the population had the clustering of at least two comorbidities and about a quarter had the three conditions co- existing.
Conclusion: There is a significant burden of the cardiovascular risk factors occurring in clusters in the Nigerian population studied. This calls for purposeful measures to control these risk factors.
Keywords: Clustering, Hypertension, Diabetes, Dyslipidemia, Nigerian
Résumé
Objectif: Le regroupement des facteurs de risque cardio-vasculaires et les maladies a des implications graves sur la morbidité et la mortalité globales. Il y a cependant une pénurie relative de ces informations au sein de la population nigériane. Cette étude visait à définir la prévalence du regroupement de l’hypertension (HT), le diabète sucré (DS) et de la dyslipidémie (DYSL) dans les départements de service de consultation des centres hospitaliers universitaires nigérians. Sujets et méthodes: Une étude transversale de patients pris en charge dans les cliniques d’hypertension et de diabète au centre hospitalier universitaires de l’Etat de Lagos au Nigeria entre Janvier et Décembre 2008. Les caractéristiques démographiques de base, la tension artérielle, la glycémie et des profils lipidiques à jeun ont été obtenues rétrospectivement à partir des dossiers hospitaliers. En utilisant les critères standards pour le diagnostic de HT, DM et DYSL, la prévalence de ces conditions et de leurs groupements respectifs ont été déterminées.
Résultats: Un total de 506 patients ont été examinés au cours de cette période, Homme : 234 (46,2%), femmes : 272 (53,8%) avec un âge moyen de 57,35 (1,28) ans. La prévalence de l’HT, DM et DYSL étaient de 85%, 39,5% et 58,9% respectivement. Parallèlement l’HT et DYSL était le regroupement le plus important parmi les 146 malades (28,9%), suivis par le regroupement des trois co-morbidités de HT, DM et DYSL chez 124 patients (24,5%). D’autres regroupements étaient DM + HT; 49 (9,7%), DM + DYSL; 13 (2,6%). 41,2% de la population avait le regroupement d’au moins deux co-morbidités et environ un quart avait les trois conditions co-existantes.
Conclusion: Il y a une charge importante des facteurs de risque cardio-vasculaires qui se produisent dans les regroupements des populations nigérianes soumise à l’étude. Cela fait à des mesures coercitives pour controler ces facteurs de risque.
Correspondence: Dr. OO Ogunleye, Department of Pharmacology, Lagos State University College of Medicine, 1 – 5, Oba Akinjobi Street, Ikeja GRA, Lagos, Nigeria. E mail: yinkabode@yahoo.com
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