Abstrakti
Background: Oral health habits may be influenced by appropriate oral health education leading to change of mind-set and practice. However, majority of African children are said to lack adequate oral health knowledge and children with low oral health knowledge have significantly higher odds of having oral diseases such as dental caries. A strong association has been seen between parent’s socio demographic factors and a child’s oral health knowledge and practice, with subsequent effect on oral health outcomes.
Aim: To determine the socio-demographic factors that influence knowledge of caries prevention and oral health practice of rural schoolchildren.
Methods: This was a cross sectional study involving 778 schoolchildren from 12 public primary schools in a rural community. A pretested, semi-structured, interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-demographics, knowledge of caries prevention and oral health practice of participants. Data were analyzed using descriptive and multivariate analysis at p< .05.
Results: The mean age of the children was 11± 1.8 years; the source of oral health information for majority 675(86.8%) of the children was their parents. Mean knowledge score was 4.5±1.7. More (55.6%) 10-12 year olds had fair oral health knowledge, they were 0.4 times more likely to have better oral health knowledge score (p= .003, 95% CI= 0.2–0.7). The gender of the pupil and parents’ occupation were predictors of oral health practice.
Conclusion: Participants’ knowledge of caries prevention was poor. Similarly, the number of children with good oral health practice was low being lowest among those whose fathers were farmers.
Keywords: Oral health, schoolchildren, rural, parents
Résumé
Contexte : Les habitudes de santé bucco-dentaire peuvent être influencées par une éducation appropriée en matière de santé bucco-dentaire conduisant à un changement de mentalité et de pratique. Cependant, la majorité des enfants africains ne disposeraient pas de connaissances suffisantes en matière de santé bucco-dentaire, et les enfants ayant de faibles connaissances en matière de santé bucco-dentaire ont des chances significativement plus élevées de souffrir de maladies bucco-dentaires comme les caries dentaires. Une forte association a été observée entre les facteurs sociodémographiques du parent et les connaissances et la pratique de l’enfant en matière de santé bucco-dentaire, avec un effet ultérieur sur les résultats en matière de santé bucco-dentaire.
Objectif : Pour déterminer les facteurs socio-démographiques qui influencent les connaissances sur la prévention de la carie et la pratique de la santé bucco-dentaire des écoliers ruraux.
Méthodes : Ceci était une étude transversale impliquant 778 écoliers provenant de 12 écoles primaires publiques d’une communauté rurale. Un questionnaire prétesté, semi-structuré et administré par un intervieweur a été utilisé pour obtenir des informations sur les caractéristiques sociodémographiques, les connaissances sur la prévention des caries et les pratiques de santé bucco-dentaire des participants. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide d’une analyse descriptive et multivariée à p <0,05.
Résultats : L’âge moyen des enfants était de 11 ± 1,8 ans; la source d’information sur la santé bucco-dentaire pour la majorité 675 (86,8%) des enfants était leurs parents. Le score moyen de connaissances était de 4,5 ± 1,7. Un plus grand nombre (55,6%) de 10 à 12 ans avaient des connaissances en santé bucco-dentaire passables, ils étaient 0,4 fois plus susceptibles d’avoir un meilleur score de connaissances en santé bucco-dentaire (p = 0,003, IC à 95% = 0,2- 0,7). Le sexe de l’élève et la profession des parents étaient des prédicteurs de la pratique de la santé bucco-dentaire.
Conclusion :Les connaissances des participants sur la prévention des caries étaient médiocres.De même, le nombre d’enfants ayant de bonnes pratiques de santé bucco-dentaire était faible et plus faible parmi ceux dont les pères étaient agriculteurs.
Mots-clés :Santé bucco-dentaire, écoliers, rural, parents
Correspondence: Dr. A.O. Akinyamoju, Department of Oral Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: akindayo2002@yahoo.com.
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