Abstract
Background: Ethidium Bromide (EB) is an
established mutagen, neurotoxin and Multiple
Sclerosis (MS) model in rats. This study evaluated
the immunomodulations of genes of immune response/
inflammation (TNFα), apoptosis (Caspase-3),
proliferation (Ki67), tumour suppression (p53),
demyelination (MBP) and gliosis (GFAP) in EB
induced neurotoxicity in rats treated with
Lycopersicon esculetum (LE).
Materials and methods: Seventy adult male Wistar
rats were divided into 23 groups (n = 5). 0.5 mls of EB
solution (0.5 g/100 mls of ethanol) was applied to scraped
ventral skin area of all rats. Groups 1 and 2 were treated
with Normal Saline and 40 mg of Tamsulosin
Hydrochloride respectively. Groups 3-14 were treated
with 40 mg/kg bodyweight of aqueous, butanolic,
ethanolic or n-hexane extracts of roots, stems or leaves
of LE. Drugs/extracts were orally administered for 4
weeks. Subsequently, rats were anaesthetized by
inhalation of diethyl ether. Homogenates of excised
prefrontal cortices were obtained for ELISA analyses
of TNFα, Caspase-3, Ki67, p53, MBP and GFAP
concentrations. Computed data were statistically
analysed using GraphPad Prism 2005 (P<0.05).
Results: Results showed positive immunomodulations
with statistically significant (P<0.05) or non-significant
(P>0.05) lower or higher mean levels (ng/ml) of
TNFα, Caspase-3, Ki67, p53, MBP and GFAP in rats
of Groups 3-14 compared with Group 1. This implied
that treatments with extracts of LE ameliorated EB
induced inflammation, hyperplasia, mutagenesis, anti
apoptosis, demyelination and gliosis via positive
downregulations/upregulations of evaluated
biomarker genes.
Conclusions: LE possesses neuro-regenerative, anti-
inflammatory, anticancer and anti-MS potentials.
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