Abstract
Background: The Rome IV iteration identifies three subtypes of constipation associated with the brain-gut axis: functional constipation (FC), irritable bowel syndrome with constipation (IBS-C), and opioid-induced constipation (OIC). This study was conducted to determine the prevalence, psychosocial characteristics, and health-related quality of life of persons with chronic constipation in a Nigerian community.
Methodology: In a cross-sectional study, we obtained data from 515 adults in a Nigerian community with an instrument consisting of the Rome IV Functional Bowel Disorder questionnaire, the Becks Depression and Anxiety Inventories, the Short Form 12, version 2 Health Survey (SF-12v2) questionnaire and other relevant information. Data were analyzed with appropriate statistical instruments and summarized.
Results: A total of 505 participants were included in the data analysis. The sample mean age was 32.7 ±12.9 years. There were 15 participants [3.0% (95% CI, 1.6% - 4.8%)] with constipation by the Rome IV criteria: 8 [1.6% (95% CI, 0.6% - 2.8%)] had FC, 3 [0.6% (95% CI, 0.0% - 1.4%)] had OIC and 4 [0.8% (95% CI, 0.2% - 1.8%)] had IBS-C. The mean anxiety (15.1±10.7, vs 8.4±8.1, P = 0.030) and depression (17.0±12.5 vs 8.1±9.4, P = < 0.001) scores of participants with constipation was higher than the controls. Participants with constipation had lower mean scores in most of the SF12v2 scales with significant association in Physical Functioning (p < 0.001) Role Physical (p <0.001), Bodily Pain (p = 0.010) and Role Emotional (p < 0.001).
Conclusion: Persons with constipation are more prone to psychological distress and poorer HRQoL than the controls.
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