Abstract
Background: Doxorubicin, an anthracycline cancer chemotherapy, effectively stops or slows the growth of cancer cells. Numerous side effects have been associated with doxorubicin use. Among them is the disruption of normal reproductive functions via the induction of oxidative stress. This study was therefore carried out to examine effects of the naturally occurring antioxidant; coconut water, on doxorubicin-induced male reproductive toxicity.
Methods: Eight groups (n=5) of male Wistar rats (170-220 g) were used. Four groups were given a single intravenous injection of 5 mg/kg doxorubicin, while the others received normal saline (controls). Rats from each subgroup were immediately given 10 mL/Kg coconut water or distilled water for 14 and 28 days, respectively, after which rats were euthanized. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH); testicular malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzymes were assayed. Epididymal sperm analysis along with the histological analysis of the testis, epididymis and pituitary glands was conducted. Data were analysed using ANOVA at pd”0.05 significance level.
Results: Testosterone levels were reduced by doxorubicin, while gonadotropin (LH and FSH) levels were not affected. Testicular malondialdehyde levels were increased by doxorubicin, but not when coconut water was administered. Coconut water reversed a significant doxorubicin-induced reduction in testicular antioxidant enzyme activity. Doxorubicin caused architectural derangements in the testis, epididymis and pituitary gland which were improved by coconut water. Doxorubicin reduced sperm count, motility and viability even after coconut water administration.
Conclusion: The antioxidant activity of coconut water ameliorated doxorubicin-induced testicular tissue alteration, but not sperm indices in doxorubicin-treated male Wistar rats.
Keywords: Cancer chemotherapy, Male infertility, Cocos nucifera water, Antioxidant
Résumé
Contexte: La doxorubicine, une chimiothérapie anticancéreuse à base d’anthracycline, arrête ou ralentit efficacement la croissance des cellules cancéreuses. De nombreux effets secondaires ont été associés à l’utilisation de la doxorubicine. Parmi eux, la perturbation des fonctions reproductives normales via l’induction d’un stress oxydatif. Cette étude a donc été réalisée pour examiner les effets de l’antioxydant naturel; eau de coco, sur la toxicité pour la reproduction masculine induite par la doxorubicine.
Méthodes: Huit groupes (n = 5) de rats mâles Wistar (170-220 g) ont été utilisés. Quatre groupes ont reçu une injection intraveineuse unique de 5 mg / kg de doxorubicine, tandis que les autres ont reçu une solution saline normale (témoins). Les rats de chaque sous-groupe ont reçu immédiatement 10 ml / kg d’eau de coco ou d’eau distillée pendant 14 et 28 jours, respectivement, après quoi les rats ont été euthanasiés. Testostérone sérique, hormone lutéinisante (LH), hormone folliculo-stimulante (FSH); Le malondialdéhyde testiculaire et les enzymes antioxydantes ont été dosés. L’analyse des spermatozoïdes épididymaires ainsi que l’analyse histologique des testicules, de l’épididyme et de l’hypophyse ont été effectuées. Les données ont été analysées en utilisant ANOVA au niveau de signification p d” 0,05.
Résultats: Les taux de testostérone ont été réduits par la doxorubicine, tandis que les taux de gonadotrophine (LH et FSH) n’ont pas été affectés. Les taux de malondialdéhyde testiculaire étaient augmentés par la doxorubicine, mais pas lorsque l’eau de coco était administrée. L’eau de coco a inversé une réduction significative induite par la doxorubicine de l’activité enzymatique antioxydante testiculaire. La doxorubicine a provoqué des dérangements architecturaux dans les testicules, l’épididyme et l’hypophyse qui ont été améliorés par l’eau de coco. La doxorubicine a réduit le nombre, la motilité et la viabilité des spermatozoïdes même après l’administration d’eau de coco.
Conclusion: L’activité antioxydante de l’eau de coco a amélioré l’altération du tissu testiculaire induite par la doxorubicine, mais pas les indices de sperme chez les rats Wistar mâles traités à la doxorubicine.
Mots clés: chimiothérapie anticancéreuse, infertilité masculine, eau de Cocos nucifera, antioxidant
Correspondence: Dr. Olufadekemi T. Kunle-Alabi, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Email: mrskalabi@yahoo.com
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