Abstract
Background: Recent studies from other parts of the world have reported a rising pattern of transitional
cell carcinoma (TCC) amongst other histologic variants of bladder cancer.
Objective: To report the changing trend of TCC in our practice at the Obafemi Awolowo University
Teaching Hospitals Complex (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Materials and methods: A retrospective review of clinical and pathological records of all bladder cancer
cases managed between January 2006 and December 2015 in our hospital was done. Cases of TCC were
identified, extracted and analyzed.
Results: A total of 38 histologically confirmed bladder cancers were seen during the study period. TCC
accounted for 61% (23), Squamous cell carcinoma 16% (6), Adenocarcinoma 13% (5), while secondary
bladder tumour from prostate cancer accounted for 10% (4).
Of the patients with TCC, mean age was 60 years ±13.4SD while the male to female ratio was 4:1.
Ninety-five percent of them presented with haematuria. Risk factors identified in 57% of patients
included smoking (43%) and industrial exposure to carcinogens (14%). Only 26% (6) of the TCC cases
were non-muscle invasive while the remaining 74% (17) were muscle invasive. Eighty-seven percent (20)
of the patients were treated while 13% (3) defaulted further treatment in our hospital after diagnosis.
Among those treated in our centre, 30% (7) have had complete treatment with surgery and or
chemotherapy and are presently on follow-up. Two patients (9%) have died, while 6 (26%) are still on
treatment with intravesical chemotherapy. The remaining 8 patients (35%) have been lost to follow-up.
Conclusion: TCC is rising in proportion amongst other types of bladder cancer. It is the commonest
bladder cancer seen associated with cigarette smoking and industrial exposure to carcinogens.
Keywords: Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC), Changing trend, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Résumé
Contexte :Des études récentes dans d’autres parties du monde ont révélé une tendance à la hausse du carcinome à cellules
transitionnelles (CCT) parmi d’autres varianteshistologiques du cancer de la vessie.
Objectif : Pour rendre compte de la tendance changeante du CCT dans notre pratique au Complexe
Hospitalier d’Enseignement Universitaire de l’Université Obafemi Awolowo (OAUTHC), Ile-Ife,
Nigéria.
Matériels et méthodes : Un examen rétrospectif des dossiers cliniques et pathologiques de tous les cas de
cancer de la vessie traités entre janvier 2006 et décembre 2015 dans notre hôpital a été effectué. Les cas
de CCT ont été identifiés, extraits et analysés.
Résultats : Un total de 38 cancers de la vessie histologiquement confirmés a été observé au cours de la
période de l’étude. Le CCT représentait 61% (23), le carcinome épidermoïde 16% (6), l’adénocarcinome
13% (5), tandis que les tumeurs de la vessie secondaires du cancer de la prostate représentaient 10% (4).
Parmi les patients atteints de CCT, l’âge moyen était de 60 ans ± 13,4 ans tandis que le rapport hommesfemmes était de 4 : 1. Quatre-vingt-quinze pour cent d’entre eux ont présenté une hématurie. Des facteurs
de risque ont été identifiés chez 57% des patients et incluent le tabagisme (43%) et l’exposition
industrielle aux carcinogènes (14%). Seuls 26% (6) des cas de CCT étaient non invasifs sur le muscle,
alors que les 74% (17) restants étaient invasifs. Quatre-vingt-sept pour cent (20) des patients ont été
traités, tandis que 13% (3) ont abandonné le traitement dans notre hôpital après le diagnostic.Parmi les personnes
traitées dans notre centre, 30% (7) ont subi un traitement complet par chirurgie ou chimiothérapie et font actuellement l’objet
d’un suivi.Deux patients (9%) sont décédés, tandis que 6 (26%) suivent toujours un traitement de chimiothérapieintravésicale.Les 8 patients restants (35%) ont été perdus de vue.
Conclusion : Le CCT augmente proportionnellement aux autres types de cancer de la vessie. Il s’agit du
cancer de la vessie le plus courant associé au tabagisme et à l’exposition industrielle aux carcinogènes.
Mots-clés : Carcinome à cellules transitionnelles (CCT), Évolution de la tendance, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
Correspondence: Dr. I.A. Akinbola, Urology Unit, Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching
Hospitals Complex, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. E-mail: abelala2004@yahoo.com
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