چکیده
Background: Wheelchairs provide individuals with mobility impairments opportunity for independent living within their environment. However, using this device may have psychosocial impacts with consequent influence on the quality of life of the users. The psychosocial impact of wheelchair usage among individuals with mobility disability in a Nigerian community was investigated.
Methods: The study is a descriptive cross-sectional survey. People who have been independent users of wheelchair for a minimum of six months prior to the study were recruited from centres for people with disabilities in Ibadan, Nigeria into the study. A profile of their use of the device was documented and the psychosocial impact of wheelchair was assessed using the Psychosocial Impact of Assistive Devices Scale. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics at p = 0.05.
Results: Sixty consenting individuals with mobility disability participated in this study. Their mean age was 38.7±14.1 years. Majority (90%) were manual wheelchair users and two-thirds (63.3%) had been using the wheelchair for < five years. Approximately a third of the participants use their wheelchairs occasionally. There was no significant difference (p=0.26) in the psychosocial impact of wheelchair usage between male and female users.
Conclusion: The psychosocial impact of wheelchair was similar between male and female users. However, the impact was higher on the self-esteem of male than female users and lower on their competence than that of their female counterparts. This may be due to stigmatization or a culturally-related unwillingness of men in our environment to be dependent on others.
Keywords: Disability, Wheelchair, Psychosocial impact, Quality of life
Résumé
Contexte: Les fauteuils roulants fournissent aux individus à mobilité réduite l’opportunité pour une vie indépendante au sein de leur environnement. Cependant, utilisation cet appareil peut avoir des impacts psychosociaux ayant une influence conséquente sur la qualité de vie des utilisateurs. L’impact psychosocial de l’utilisation du fauteuil roulant chez les personnes à mobilité handicap dans une communauté nigériane était étudié.
Méthodes: L’étude est une enquête transversale descriptive. Les personnes qui ont été utilisateurs indépendants de fauteuil roulant pour un minimum de six mois avant l’étude ont été recrutées dans l’étude parmi les centres pour les personnes handicapées à Ibadan, Nigeria. Un profil de leur utilisation de l’appareil a été documenté et l’impact psychosocial du fauteuil roulant a été évalué en utilisant l’échelle fonctionnelle d’impact psychosocial des appareils et accessoires. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide de statistiques descriptives et déductives à p = 0,05.
Résultats: Soixante personnes, consentantes, à mobilité handicap ont participé à cette étude. Leur âge moyen était de 38,7 ± 14,1 années. La majorité (90%) était utilisateurs de fauteuils roulants manuels et deux tiers (63,3%) avaient utilisé le fauteuil roulant pour cinq ans. Environ un tiers des participants utilisent leur fauteuil roulant occasionnellement. Il n’y avait pas de différence significative (p = 0,26) dans l’impact psychosocial d’utilisation de fauteuil roulant entre les utilisateurs masculins et féminins.
Conclusion: L’impact psychosocial du fauteuil roulant était similaire entre les utilisateurs masculins et féminins. Cependant, l’impact était plus élevé sur l’estime-propre des hommes utilisateurs que les femmes utilisatrices et plus bas sur leur compétence que celle de leurs homologues féminins. Cela peut être dû à la stigmatisation ou au refus culturellement-lié des hommes dans notre environnement à être dépendant des autres.
Mots-clés: Personnes handicapées, fauteuil roulant, impact psychosocial, Qualité de vie
Correspondence: Prof. T.K. Hamzat, Department of Physiotherapy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: tkhamzat@comui.edu.ng or talkzat@ yahoo.com
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