چکیده
Background: Squamous cell carcinoma of the oro-facial region is a potentially life-threatening malignant epithelial neoplasm. There have been few studies on the relationship between clinical variables and histological grade among patients with oro-facial carcinoma. We sought to find correlation (if any) between clinical profile, anatomical location and histological grade of these tumours.
Methodology: A retrospective study of all histologically diagnosed oro-facial squamous cell carcinoma cases seen at the University College Hospital, Ibadan between 1990 and 2009.
Results: Squamous cell carcinomas constituted 176 (38%) of all oro-facial malignancies. They comprised 91 males and 85 females with mean age of 57 (±16.4) years. The maxillary region was most frequently affected (25%) while the lip was least involved (3.4%). Well-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas constituted 49%, moderately differentiated carcinoma accounted for 36.8% while poorly-differentiated squamous cell carcinomas constituted 14.2%. Well-differentiated and moderately differentiated tumours were relatively more common among subjects older than 50 years of age and poorly-differentiated tumours were more common before 50 years of age (p= 0.001). Degree of tumour differentiation was not correlated with gender (p = 0.88), and anatomical location (p = 0.17).
Conclusion: Further clinical studies may be required to determine whether oro-facial carcinoma in patients less than 50 years of age has a more aggressive behaviour than in older patients.
Keywords: Orofacial squamous cell carcinoma, clinical variable, histological grade, correlation
Abstract
Contexte: Le carcinome épidermoïde de la région oro-faciale est une maligne tumeur épithéliale potentiellement mortelle. Il y a eu peu d’études sur la relation entre les variables cliniques et le grade histologique chez les patients atteints du carcinome oro-facial.
Objectif: trouver une corrélation (le cas échéant) entre le profil clinique, la localisation anatomique et le grade histologique de ces tumeurs.
Méthodologie: Une étude rétrospective de tous les cas diagnostiqués par examen histologique squameuses du carcinome oro-facial vus à cellules au centre hospitalier universitaire d’Ibadan entre 1990 et 2009.
Résultats: Les carcinomes spinocellulaires constituaient 176 (38%) de tous les carcinomes oro-facials. Ils comprenaient 91 hommes et 85 femmes avec un âge moyen de 57 (± 16,4 SD) ans. La région maxillaire est la plus fréquemment touchée (25%) tandis que la lèvre était moins impliquée (3,4%). Les carcinomes épidermoïdes qui étaient bien différenciés représentaient 49%, le carcinome moyennement d ifférencié représentait 36,8%, tandis que ceux du carcinomes spino-cellulaires mal différenciés constituaient14,2%. Les tumeurs bien différenciées et modérément différenciées étaient relativement plus fréquentes chez les patient âgés de plus de 50 ans et les tumeurs mal différenciées étaient plus fréquentes chez les patients de moins de 50 ans (p = 0,001). Le degré de différenciation de la tumeur n’était pas en corrélation avec le sexe (p = 0,88), et la localisation anatomique (p = 0,17).
Conclusion: D’autres études cliniques peuvent être nécessaires pour déterminer si le carcinome d’oro-facial chez les patients de moins de 50 ans a une manifestation plus agressive que chez les patients plus âgés.
Correspondence: Dr. O.A. Lasisi, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: akeemlasisi@gmail.com
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