Abstract
Background: Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive whose toxicity has been demonstrated in experimental animals. Drymaria cordata,is traditionally used as antidote. The protective effect of chloroform fraction of methanol extract of drymaria cordata LINN. (CFDC) against MSG-induced lesions in rat liver, brain and prostate was investigated in this study.
Methods: Twenty four male Wistar rats were equally divided into four groups and orally treated for twenty-eight days as follows; A(control), B(CFDC (100 mg/kg)), C(MSG (200 mg/kg)) and D(MSG+CFDC). The animals were sacrificed 24 hours after the final exposure and blood was collected by cardiac puncture into EDTA-sterilized sample bottles. The liver, brain and prostate were harvested and subjected to histological examination. The effect of CFDC was also investigated on lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation, caspase 9 and caspase 3. The GC-MS analysis of
the chloroform fraction was also carried out.
Results: The results show that MSG caused injury to the hepatocytes, brain and the prostate which was significantly ameliorated in the group co-administered with CFDC. In addition, CFDC protected against the increased malondialdehyde level, elevated caspases 9 & 3 activities and increased percentage hepatic DNA fragmentation caused by MSG administration. The GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of some phytochemical compounds that might be the cause of its pharmacological effect in protecting against lesions in liver, brain and prostate of MSGtreated rats.
Conclusion: These results suggest that CFDC contains phytochemicals that might be relevant in the chemopreventive and therapeutic approach to MSG-induced cellular damage. However, further studies need to be carried out in order to investigate its mechanism of action
Key words: Drymaria cordata, monosodium glutamate, cellular injury, chemoprevention
Abstrait
Contexte: Le glutamate monosodique (MSG) est un additif alimentaire dont la toxicité a été démontrée chez les animaux de laboratoire. Drymaria cordata , est traditionnellement utilisée
comme antidote. L’effet protecteur de la fraction chloroforme de l’extrait de méthanol de drymaria cordata LINN (CFDC) contre les lésions induites par MSG dans le foie, le cerveau et la prostate du rat a été étudiée dans cette étude.
Méthodes: Vingt-quatre rats mâles Wistar ont été répartis également en quatre groupes et traités par voie orale pendant vingt-huit jours comme suit; A (contrôle), B (CFDC (100 mg / kg)), C (MSG (200 mg / kg)) et D (MSG + CFDC). Les animaux ont été sacrifiés 24 heures après l’exposition finale et le sang a été collecté par ponction cardiaque dans des bouteilles d’échantillons stérilisées à l’EDTA. Le foie, le cerveau et la prostate ont été prélevés et soumis à un examen histologique. L’effet de la CFDC a également été étudié sur la peroxydation lipidique, la fragmentation de l’ADN, la caspase 9 et la caspase 3. L’analyse GC-MS de la fraction chloroforme a également été réalisée.
Résultats: Les résultats montrent que le MSG a causé des lésions aux hépatocytes, au cerveau et à la prostate qui ont été considérablement améliorées dans le groupe coadministré avec la CFDC. En outre, CFDC a protégé contre l’augmenta tion du niveau de malondialdéhyde, les activités élevées de caspases 9 et 3 et l’augmentation du pourcentage de fragmentation de l’ADN hépatique causée par l’administration MSG. L’analyse GC-MS a révélé la présence de certains composés phytochimiques qui pourraient être la cause de son effet pharmacologique dans la protection contre
les lésions du foie, du cerveau et de la prostate de rats traités au MSG.
Conclusion: Ces résultats suggèrent que la CFDC contient des composés phytochimiques qui pourraient être pertinents dans l’approche chimio-préventive et thérapeutique des dommages cellulaires induits par le MSG. Cependant, d’autres études doivent être menées afin d’étudier son mécanisme d’action
Mots clés: Drymaria cordata, glutamate monosodique, lésion cellulaire, chimio-prévention
Correspondence: Mr. A.O. Olowofolahan, Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: mr_adeola@yahoo.com
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