Samenvatting
Introduction: Ischaemic stroke is a leading cause of death and neurological disability. Stroke models in animals attempt to mimic the events in human. This study investigated the possible neuroprotective effect of Carica papaya leaf aqueous extract (CPAE) and vitamin E on induced ischaemic-reperfusion injury from bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCCAO) in rats brain.
Materials and methods: Thirty-five female rats were randomly assigned into one of five groups (n=7): Control (1 mL distilled water); CPAE (500 mg/kg); BCCAO; BCCAO + CPAE (500 mg/kg); BCCAO + VIT E (500 mg/kg). BCCAO was carried out on day 21 for 30 minutes followed by 24 hours of reperfusion, while CPAE was administered daily for 21 days. Behavioural tests were done on day 22 after which rats were euthanized and biochemical and histological changes were assessed.
Results: The BCCAO produced significant (p<0.05) elevation in lipid peroxidation and reduced glutathione levels while increasing superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. It also significantly
reduced the number of lines crossed, rearing, duration of forelimb grip but increased duration of negative geotaxis. It induced scattered pyknotic neurons in cerebral cortex and pyramidal neurons in the CA1 subfield of the hippocampus. Pretreatment with CPAE and vitamin E improved oxidative, behavioural response and histological alterations of the neurons in both cerebral cortex and CA1 subfield of the hippocampus.
Conclusion: The results support a protective role for CPAE and vitamin E on acute ischaemia/reperfusion injury induced by BCCAO in rats, thus contributing to the continuous search for neuroprotective strategies in stroke.
Keywords: Bilateral common carotid artery occlusion, ischaemic/reperfusion injury, Carica papaya, oxidative damage, hippocampus, behavioural.
Abstrait
Introduction: L’Accident Vasculaire Cérébral (AVC) ischémique est l’une des principales causes de décès et d’invalidité neurologique. Les modèles d’AVC chez les animaux tentent d’imiter les événements chez l’homme. Cette étude a examiné l’effet neuroprotecteur possible de l’extrait aqueux de feuille de Carica pagaya (CPAE) et de la vitamine E sur les lésions de reperfusion ischémique induites par l’occlusion bilatérale de l’artère carotide commune (BCCAO) dans le cerveau des rats.
Matériels et méthodes : Trente-cinq rats femelles ont été répartis au hasard dans l’un des cinq groupes (n = 7) : contrôle (1 ml d’eau distillée) ; CPAE (500 mg / kg) ; BCCAO ; BCCAO + CPAE (500 mg / kg) ; BCCAO + VIT E (500 mg / kg). La BCCAO a été réalisée au jour 21 pendant 30 minutes, suivies de 24 heures de reperfusion, tandis que la CPAE a été administrée quotidiennement pendant 21 jours. Des tests comportementaux ont été effectués au jour 22, après quoi des rats ont été euthanasiés et les modifications biochimiques et histologiques ont été évaluées.
Résultats : BCCAO a produit une élévation significative (p <0,05) de la peroxydation lipidique et une réduction des niveaux de glutathion tout en augmentant les activités de la superoxyde dismutase et de la catalase. Il a également réduit de manière significative le nombre de lignes croisées, l’élevage, la durée de l’adhérence des membres antérieurs, mais a augmenté la durée de la géotaxie négative. Il a induit des neurones pycnotiques dispersés dans le cortex cérébral et des neurones pyramidaux dans le sous-champ
CA1 de l’hippocampe. Un prétraitement avec du CPAE et de la vitamine E a amélioré la réponse oxydative, comportementale et les altérations histologiques des neurones dans le cortex cérébral et le sous-champ CA1 de l’hippocampe.
Conclusion : les résultats confirment le rôle protecteur de la CPAE et de la vitamine E dans les lésions d’ischémie / reperfusion aiguë induites par BCCAO chez les rats, contribuant ainsi à la recherche continue de stratégies neuroprotectrices dans les accidents vasculaires cérébraux.
Mots clés: Occlusion bilatérale de la carotide commune, lésion ischémique / reperfusion, Carica papaya, dommage oxydatif, hippocampe, comportemental
Correspondence: Dr O. Owoeye, Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: owoeye2001@yahoo.com: o.owoeye@mail.ui.edu.ng
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