How common is heart failure on medical wards of University College Hospital Ibadan, Nigeria?
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Resumen
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine
the frequency of heart failure, patterns and clinical
outcome on the medical wards of University College
Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.
Methods: The study was retrospective in design. The
records of patients admitted on account of heart
failure during the period were reviewed. Information
obtained included date of admission, age, sex,
clinical diagnosis/aetiology of heart failure, co
morbidities, outcome (discharged, alive or died). In
all the subjects, clinical diagnosis of heart failure
was confirmed at echocardiography.
Results: During the period under review (April 1,
2013 to March 31, 2016), there were 5463 medical
admissions. Heart failure admission was
documented in 589 participants, constituting 10.8
% of medical admissions. There were 302 (51.3%)
females and 287 (48.7%) males. The mean age of
the heart failure patients was 55.1 years (SD = 17.5),
with ages ranging from 12 to 99 years. There were
more cases aged 40-59years (34%) and 60 years and
above (44.1%) Hypertensive heart disease was the
commonest diagnosis (78.6%). Comorbid conditions
were found in less than a quarter (22.2%).
The median duration of hospital stay was 8 days (25th
and 75th percentiles: 5, 12; IQR = 7 days).
Over three quarters (84.6%) were discharged home,
12.9% died and 2.5% discharged against medical
advice. Significantly higher mortality was found
among cases with comorbidity. Heart failure cases
due to cardiomyopathy were more likely than
patients with hypertensive heart failure to have died.
Conclusions: Heart failure is responsible for about
11% of medical admissions at the University College
Hospital, Ibadan Nigeria. This appears to have
remained unchanged when compared to a rate of
11.2% in the 60s/70s. Although Heart failure is a
disease of young and middle aged adults, the rate
was higher in the elderly population in this study.
Hospital mortality appears high and this calls for
future interventions.
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