Abstract
Background: Tinea infections continue to be an important public health problem among children. Evidence has shown an increasing incidence among primary school pupils, as well as poor treatment-seeking attitude of their wards. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and the distribution of tinea infections among primary school children in a rural setting of South-west Nigeria.
Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study design using multi-stage sampling technique was used to select children aged 6 to 12 years. A semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. The tinea infection diagnostic criteria by the primary care dermatology society was used for diagnosis of tinea infection. Data was analysed with descriptive statistics and associations tested using Chi-square and binary logistic regression at 5% level of statistical significance.
Results: The mean age of the children was 8.5 years (SD = 2.1) and 55.9% of them were males. Nearly one-half, 48.3%, had tinea infections with tinea capitis being the commonest type of tinea infection found among 38.5% of the children. Tinea infection was found among a significantly higher proportion (57.5%) of male children compared to 36.7% of female children (p<0.001). Mothers’/caregivers’ age (OR 2.6 and 5.2 for middle aged and elderly, respectively), relationship with child (OR=0.2), income (OR=1.9) and level of education (OR=2.1) were all found to
be predictors of tinea infections.
Conclusion: The prevalence of tinea infections was high with tinea capitis being the commonest and it was associated with low socio-economic conditions. School-based health education services are therefore needed as well as the improvement of the residents’ social status.
Keywords: Tinea infections, tinea capitis, primary school pupil, Mothers/Caregivers, rural setting, South-West Nigeria
Résumé
Contexte : Les infections à teigne continuent d’être un important problème de santé publique chez les enfants. Les preuves ont montré une incidence croissante parmi les élèves du primaire, ainsi qu’une mauvaise attitude de recherche de traitement de la part de leurs tuteurs. Le but de cette étude était de déterminer la prévalence et la répartition des infections à teigne parmi les enfants des écoles primaires dans un environnement rural du sud-ouest du Nigeria.
Méthodes : Un plan d’étude transversale à base communautaire utilisant une technique d’échantillonnage en plusieurs étapes a été utilisé pour sélectionner les enfants âgés de 6 à 12 ans. Un questionnaire semi-structuré, administré par intervieweur, a été utilisé pour la collecte des données. Les critères de diagnostic de l’infection à teigne par la société de dermatologie de soins primaires ont été utilisés pour le diagnostic de l’infection à teigne. Les données ont été analysées à l’aide de statistiques descriptives et association testée en utilisant le chi carré et la
régression logistique binaire à un niveau de signification statistique de 5%.
Résultats : L’âge moyen des enfants était de 8,5 ans (ET = 2,1) et 55,9% d’entre eux étaient des garçons. Près de la moitié, 48,3% avaient une infection à teigne avec teigne capitis étant le type le plus commun d’infection à teigne trouvé chez 38,5% des enfants. L’infection à la teigne a été trouvée parmi une proportion significativement plus élevée (57,5%) d’enfants de sexe masculin contre 36,7% d’enfants de sexe féminin (p <0,001). L’âge de la mère/tutrice (OR 2,6 et 5,2 respectivement pour les personnes d’âge moyen et les personnes âgées), la relation avec l’enfant (OR = 0,2), le revenu (OR = 1,9) et le niveau d’éducation (OR = 2,1) se sont tous révélés être des prédicteurs de l’infection à teigne.
Conclusion : La prévalence des infections à teigne était élevée, la teigne capitis étant la plus courante et elle est associée à de faibles conditions socio-économiques. Des services d’éducation sanitaire en milieu scolaire sont donc nécessaires ainsi qu’une amélioration du statut social des résidents.
Mots-clés : infections à teigne, teignecapitis, élève du primaire, mères/tutrice, milieu rural, sud-ouest du Nigéria
Correspondence: Dr. A.A. Adelodun, Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: checkgannya@yahoo.com
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