Keywords
parenting styles
depression
anxiety
Abstract
Introduction: Psychiatric morbidity (anxiety,
depression) constitute a major burden of disease for
adolescents globally. Age, family affluence, family
settings, physical abuseand emotional neglect has
been shown to be predictive of various mental
disorders among adolescents. Family Socio-economic
Status, educational level and parenting styles have
also been observed to be associated with mental
health in adolescents. Despite these findings, there
is still scarcity of data in local settings especially in
Nigeria. This study is aimed at determining the
association between parenting styles and psychiatric
morbidity among in-school adolescents between the
age of 10 and 19 in Ibadan-North Local Government,
Oyo State.
Methods: In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 392
students from selected private and public schools
were randomly selected in Ibadan-North Local
Government, Oyo State using multi-stage sampling
technique. Data were collected using interviewer
administered questionnaire.A scale of parenting style
was used to determine the perception of adolescents
about parenting while general health questionnaire
was used to ask questionnaires related to depression
and anxiety. Data were summarized using descriptive
statistics and bivariate and multivariate analysis was
used to determine the association between
independent variable (parenting styles) and dependent
variable (psychiatric morbidity). The level of
significance was set at 5%.
Results: Maternal parenting styles was statistically
associated with depression among in-school
adolescents with a p-value = 0.046 and
.Following logistic regression, paternal
authoritative parenting style is twice more likely to
be associated with anxiety symptoms among in-school
adolescents (OR= 2.523, 95% C.I= 1.16- 5.48, P =
0.02). Maternal authoritative parenting style is twice
more likely to cause anxiety among in-school
adolescents (OR= 2.78, 95% C.I= 1.17- 6.57, P =
0.02). Maternal authoritative parenting style is twice
also more likely to be associated with depression
among adolescents and it is statistically significant
(OR= 2.21, 95% C.I= 1.07- 4.59, P = 0.03).
Conclusion: Findings from this study suggests that
adolescents in Ibadan-North Local Government, Oyo
State exposed to authoritative parenting style are more
likely to develop symptoms of anxiety (paternal and
maternal parenting style) and depressive symptoms
(maternal parenting style). It is therefore suggested
that programs to create awareness among parents
about the impact of parenting styles on the mental
health of adolescents.
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