Abstract
Background: Maternal high fat diet (HFD) during gestation adversely programmes foetal metabolism and cardiovascular function for the development of obesity and its related cardiovascular diseases in adult life. The hypolipidemic actions of coconut water (CW) in the presence of HFD have been reported. This study examined the effects of oral administration of CW on lipid panel, hormone profile, pup and placental morphometry of dams fed HFD during gestation.
Methods: Twenty-four pregnant Wistar rats were assigned to four groups (n=6) and treated daily from gestation day (GD) 1 to 21 as follows; Group 1: 1ml/100g b.wt. distilled water; Group 2: 1ml/100g b.wt. CW; Group 3: HFD (70% standard rat feed plus 30% butter); Group 4: HFD + 1ml/100g b.wt. CW. Animals were sacrificed on GD 21. Random blood glucose was measured using tail blood. Caesarean section was performed to remove the pups and their placentas which were immediately measured. Oxidative stress status of the placentas; serum lipid and hormone profiles of dams were assessed.
Results: HFD+CW resulted in significant (P<0.05) reductions in pup weight and morphometric indices when compared with pups from HFD. These changes were accompanied by significant improvements in maternal serum lipid profile, alterations in hormone levels and higher placental lipid peroxidation.
Conclusion: These results suggest that coconut water is protective against maternal high fat diet-induced changes. Further studies are on-going to determine the actions of coconut water of maternal high fat diet induced foetal programming of adult health.
Keywords: Maternal high fat diet; coconut water; morphometry
Résumé
Contexte: Le régime maternel riche en haute graisse (RRHG) pendant la gestation défavorablement programme le métabolisme fœtal et la fonction cardiovasculaire pour le développement de l’obésité et ses maladies cardiovasculaires liées dans l’âge adulte. Les actions hypo lipidiques de l’eau de noix de coco (EC) en présence de RRHG ont été rapportées. Cette étude a examiné les effets de l’administration orale d’EC sur panneau lipidique, profil hormonal, souriceaux et morphométrie placentaire de barrages nourris avec RRHG pendant la gestation.
Méthodes: Vingt-quatre rats Wistar gestantes ont été réparties en quatre groupes (n = 6) et traitées tous les jours depuis le jour de gestation (JG) 1 à 21 comme suit; Groupe 1: 1 ml / 100 g de poids corporel eau distillée; Groupe 2: 1 ml / 100 g de poids corporel EC; Groupe 3: RRHG (70% d’alimentation standard de rat plus 30% de beurre); Groupe 4: RRHG + 1 ml / 100g de poids corporel EC. Les animaux ont été sacrifiés le JG 21. Glucose de sang aléatoire a été mesuré en utilisant le sang provenant de la queue. La césarienne a été effectuée pour enlever les souriceaux et leur placenta qui ont été immédiatement mesurées. L’état de stress oxydatif des placentas; lipide sérique et profils hormonaux de barrages ont été évalués.
Résultats: RRHG + EC ont entraîné des réductions significatives (P <0,05) du poids des souriceaux e t Indi cesmorpho–métri que par rapport auxsouriceauxdeRRHG.Ces changementsont étéaccompagnéspardes améli orationssi gni fi cati ve senprofi lmaterneldesli pi desséri ques,des altérati onsdanslesni veauxd’hormoneset plushauteperoxydati ondeli pi deplacentaire.
Conclusion: Ces résultats suggèrent que l’eau de coco est protectrice contre les changements induits par le régime riche en graisses maternels. D’autres études sont en cours pour déterminer les actions de l’eau de noix de coco de régime maternel riche en graisse de programmation fœtal induit de la santé d’adulte.
Mots-clés: Régime maternel riche en graisses; eau de noix de coco; morphométrie
Correspondence: Dr. Olufadekemi T. Kunle-Alabi, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Nigeria. E-mail: mrskalabi@yahoo.com.
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