Abstract
Background: This study is aimed at determining the effect of HAART on CD4+ count and the presence of oral lesions in HIV/AIDS women.
Materials and method: The study which was carried out at the HIV Clinic, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, consisted of 107 HIV positive women that were HAART naïve. The duration of study was one year (January to December, 2011). Determination of HIV related oral lesions was carried out using the criteria suggested by the ECC/WHO in 1993. The effect of HAART on oral lesions and CD4+ count was evaluated in 3 stages: day 1 before the commencement of HAART, 6 and 12 months respectively after HAART.
Results: A total of 107 HIV/AIDS positive women were seen during the study period. The age range was 18 to 50 years and the mean age of the participants was 36 + 9.2 years. There was a significant association between the duration of HAART therapy and the CD4+ count in HIV subjects (P=0.002). At baseline, the prevalence of oral lesion was 57.0%, after 6 months the prevalence of oral lesions was reduced to 29.1% and after 12 months there was further reduction in the prevalence of oral lesions to about 24.8% following the commencement of HAART.
Conclusion: There was an appreciable immunologic reconstitution as measured by the CD4+ cells count, with an inverse relationship between increasing CD4+ count and the frequency of oral lesions particularly oral candidiasis and periodontal diseases in the HIV infected women following the institution of HAART over a 12 month period.
Keywords: HAART, oral lesions, CD4+ count
Résumé
Contexte: Cette étude vise à déterminer l’effet du HAART sur le nombre de CD4+et la présence de lésions orales chez les femmes vivant avec le VIH / SIDA.
Matériel et méthode: L’étude qui était menée à la clinique VIH de l’Hôpital Universitaire de Bénin, ville du Bénin, comprenait 107 femmes séropositives qui n’étaient pas traitées par HAART. La durée de l’étude était d’un an (Janvier à Décembre 2011). La détermination des lésions orales liées au VIH a été réalisée en utilisant les critère s suggérés par l’ECC / OMS en 1993. L’effet du HAART sur les lésions orales et le nombre de CD4 + a été évalué en 3 étapes: le jour 1 avant le début de HAART, 6 et 12 mois respectivement après HAART.
Résultats: Un total de 107 femmes séropositives au VIH ont été observées au cours de la période étudiée. La tranche d’âge était de 18 à 50 ans et l’âge moyen des participantes était de 36 + 9,2 ans. Il y avait une association significative entre la durée de la thérapie HAART et le taux de CD4 + chez les sujets VIH (P = 0,002). Au départ, la prévalence des lésions orales était de 57,0%, après 6 mois la prévalence des lésions orales réduit à 29,1% et après 12 mois il y avait une réduction d’avantage dans la prévalence des lésions oralesà environ 24,8% après le début de la HAART.
Conclusion: Il y avait une reconstitution immunologique appréciable mesurée par le dénombrement des cellules CD4 +, avec une relation inverse entre l’augmentation du nombre de CD4 + et la fréquence des lésions orales, en particulier la can didose buccale et les maladies parodontales chez les femmes infectées par le VIH suivant l’institution de la HAARTsur une période de 12 mois.
Mots-clés: HAART, lésions orales, nombre CD4 +
Correspondence: Dr. Mercy Okoh, Department of Oral Pathology and Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria. E-mail:drmerccy@yahoo.com
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