Cardioprotective and Hypocholesterolemic Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Mormodical charantial in Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Infarction in adult Rats

• A.E Ubhenin

The present study was carried out to evaluate cardioprotective effect of ethanolic extract of Mormodical charantial in isoproterenol ( ISO) induced myocardial infarction( MI) in Wistar rats. The ethanolic extract of the plant of Mormodical charantial and standard drug, metoprolol were prepared in normal saline and then administered orally to rats at the doses of 250 and 100mg/kg body weight ( b.wt) respectively for a period of thirty days .ISO was freshly prepared in normal saline and was then used to induce MI by intraperitoneal injection at the dose of 100mg/kg to Wistar rats on the 30th day. Serum lipid profile and cardiac marker enzymes such as creatine phosphokinase (CK-MB) Isoenzyme, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine transaminase (ALT)and aspartate (AST) were obtained in the serum and in the heart homogenate of the experimental rats and then measured calorimetrically. The results show that isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction were associated with significant (p<0.05) increase in the activities of cardiac marker enzymes such as AST, ALT, CK-MB and LDH in the serum with concomitant decreases in the activities of these enzymes in the myocardial tissue as compared to control group. There were also significant (p<0.05) increases in serum level of total cholesterol (TC) ,triglyceride(TG), low density lipoprotein(LDL) and very low density lipoprotein(VLDL) in the group injected with isoproterenol ( group ii) as compared with control group . Pretreatment with leaf extract of Mormodical charantial at a dose of 250mg\kg b.wt and also by Metoprolol at dose 100 mg/kg body weight significantly (p<0.05) prevented alteration of both the lipid profile and the activities of these cardiac marker enzymes both in the serum and myocardial tissue as compared to isopreterenol-induced control group. Mormodical charantial possesses cardioprotective and hypocholesterolemic effects.

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